Features of the heterosis manifestation in monoecious hybrids of cannabis-free hemp and their resistance to adverse environmental conditions

The article deals with the manifestation of heterosis by economically valuable traits in monoecious hybrids of hashishfree monoecious hemp. Heterosis is one of the reserves for increasing yields and improving the quality of hemp products. In terms of seed harvest, the vast majority of combinations e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2022-02, Vol.981 (2), p.22013
Main Authors: Dimitriev, V L, Shashkarov, L G, Yeliseeva, L V, Yeliseev, I P, Yakovleva, M I, Chernov, A V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cannabis
Environmental conditions
Hemp
Heterosis
Heterozygosity
Homeostasis
Hybrids
Seeds
Straw
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Summary:The article deals with the manifestation of heterosis by economically valuable traits in monoecious hybrids of hashishfree monoecious hemp. Heterosis is one of the reserves for increasing yields and improving the quality of hemp products. In terms of seed harvest, the vast majority of combinations exceed parental varieties. The highest outbreak of heterosis was obtained by crossing varieties Glukhovskaya-10 and YSO-1. In relation to the most productive parent, the degree of heterosis reaches 38.5%. An increase in seed harvest is a derivative of the heterosis of several components: the weight of the plant, the length of the inflorescence, the weight of seeds per plant, the weight of 1000 seeds and the number of seeds per plant. Of these, the most important are the weight of seeds per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds. According to the harvest of straw and fiber, the manifestation of heterosis is limited. Most hybrids have indicators equal to those of the best parental varieties. However, these hybrids significantly exceed the best monoecious variety YSO-1 recommended for cultivation, which is of practical interest. Hybrid plants are more resistant to adverse conditions than the parent varieties. Homeostasis of hybrids depends on the degree of heterozygosity of the organism, as well as the nature of the interaction of alleles of heterozygous loci. The results of our research show that it is possible to consciously control the process of obtaining highly productive hybrid seeds, spending a small amount of labor and funds for its implementation.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/981/2/022013