The Design of Operational Amplifier for Low Voltage and Low Current Sound Energy Harvesting System

The objective of this paper is to design a combination of an operational amplifier (op-amp) with a rectifier used in an alternate current (ac) to direct current (dc) power conversion. The op-amp was designed to specifically work at low voltage and low current for a sound energy harvesting system. Th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Materials Science and Engineering 2018-03, Vol.318 (1), p.12035
Main Authors: Fang, Liew Hui, Abd Rahim, Rosemizi Bin, Isa, Muzamir, Syed Hassan, Syed Idris, Ismail, Baharuddin Bin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternating current
Amplifier design
Circuit design
Design
Direct current
Electric converters
Electronic devices
Energy conversion efficiency
Energy dissipation
Energy harvesting
Low currents
Low voltage
Operational amplifiers
Power management
Supercapacitors
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Summary:The objective of this paper is to design a combination of an operational amplifier (op-amp) with a rectifier used in an alternate current (ac) to direct current (dc) power conversion. The op-amp was designed to specifically work at low voltage and low current for a sound energy harvesting system. The goal of the op-amp design with adjustable gain was to control output voltage based on the objectives of the experiment conducted. The op-amp was designed for minimum power dissipation performance, with the means of increasing the output current when receiving a large amount of load. The harvesting circuits which designed further improved the power output efficiency by shortening the fully charged time needed by a supercapacitor bank. It can fulfil the long-time power demands for low power device. Typically, a small amount of energy sources were converted to electricity and stored in the supercapacitor bank, which was built by 10 pieces of capacitors with 0.22 F each, arranged in parallel connection. The highest capacitance was chosen based on the characteristic that have the longest discharging time to support the applications of a supercapacitor bank. Testing results show that the op-amp can boost the low input ac voltage (∼3.89 V) to high output dc voltage (5.0 V) with output current of 30 mA and stored the electrical energy in a big supercapacitor bank having a total of 2.2 F, effectively. The measured results agree well with the calculated results.
ISSN:1757-8981
1757-899X
DOI:10.1088/1757-899X/318/1/012035