Leaching from a 3D-printed aligner resin

• Published in: European journal of orthodontics 2023-05, Vol.45 (3), p.244-249
• Main Authors: Willi, Andreas, Patcas, Raphael, Zervou, Sevasti-Kiriaki, Panayi, Nearchos, Schätzle, Marc, Eliades, George, Hiskia, Anastasia, Eliades, Theodore
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry; Composite Resins - chemistry; Humans; Materials Testing; Methacrylates - chemistry; Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry; Polymethacrylic Acids - chemistry; Polyurethanes - chemistry; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
• ISSN: 0141-5387; 1460-2210
• DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjac056

Summary Aim To quantitatively assess the degree of conversion and the water-leaching targeted compound from 3D-printed aligners. Materials and methods 3D-printed aligners were made of photopolymerized resin (Tera Harz TC85A). The molecular structure and degree of conversion of the set resin were investigated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (n = 5). The aligners (n = 10) were immersed in double distilled water for 1 week at 37°C and the eluents were analysed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry methods (LC–ESI-MS/MS for urethane dimethacrylate [UDMA] and LC–APCI-MS/MS for bispenol-A [BPA]). Results The resin was composed of aliphatic vinyl ester-urethane monomers, with acrylate and/or methacrylate functionalization. The degree of conversion was estimated as to 83%. There was no detection of BPA in any of the assessed samples (0.25 µg/l). Quantifiable amounts of UDMA were detected in all the exposed samples, ranging from 29 to 96 µg/l. Conclusions Although efficiently polymerized and BPA free, the great variability in the amount of UDMA monomer leached from the examined samples may raise concerns on potential health hazards after repeated intraoral exposure, which is indicated for this class of materials.