Monkeypox Virus Infection Stimulates a More Robust and Durable Neutralizing Antibody Response Compared to Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vaccination

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently caused a global disease outbreak in humans. Differences in the neutralizing antibody response to vaccination versus MPXV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the neutralization of MPXV and vaccinia virus by sera from a cohort of convalescent and v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2024-11
Main Authors: Selverian, Christopher N, Monticelli, Stephanie R, Jaleta, Yakin M, Lasso, Gorka, DeMouth, Megan E, Meola, Annalisa, Berrigan, Jacob, Batchelor, Thomas G, Battini, Leandro, Guardado-Calvo, Pablo, Herbert, Andrew S, Chandran, Kartik, Meyerowitz, Eric, Miller, Emily Happy
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently caused a global disease outbreak in humans. Differences in the neutralizing antibody response to vaccination versus MPXV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the neutralization of MPXV and vaccinia virus by sera from a cohort of convalescent and vaccinated individuals at 1 and 8 months postexposure. Convalescent individuals displayed higher neutralizing antibody titers against MPXV than vaccinated and MPXV-naive persons at 1 month postexposure. Neutralizing antibody titers had waned significantly in both groups at 8 months. This study suggests that additional vaccine strategies are needed to elicit a durable humoral response and prevent breakthrough infections.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiae515