On the equations of warped disc dynamics

• Published in: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2022-02, Vol.511 (2), p.2925-2947
• Main Authors: Dullemond, C P, Kimmig, C N, Zanazzi, J J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0035-8711; 1365-2966
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab2791

ABSTRACT The 1D evolution equations for warped discs come in two flavours: For very viscous discs, the internal torque vector $\boldsymbol {G}$ is uniquely determined by the local conditions in the disc, and warps tend to damp out rapidly if they are not continuously driven. For very inviscid discs, on the other hand, $\boldsymbol {G}$ becomes a dynamic quantity, and a warp will propagate through the disc as a wave. The equations governing both regimes are usually treated separately. A unified set of equations was postulated recently by Martin et al., but not yet derived from the underlying physics. The standard method for deriving these equations is based on a perturbation series expansion, which is a powerful, but somewhat abstract technique. A more straightforward method is to employ the warped shearing box framework of Ogilvie & Latter, which so far has not yet been used to derive the equations for the wave-like regime. The goal of this paper is to analyse the warped disc equations in both regimes using the warped shearing box framework, to derive a unified set of equations, valid for small warps, and to discuss how our results can be interpreted in terms of the affine tilted-slab approach of Ogilvie.