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2MASS 0213+3648 C: a wide T3 benchmark companion to an active, old M dwarf binary
Abstract We present the discovery of a 360 au separation T3 companion to the tight (3.1 au) M4.5+M6.5 binary 2MASS J02132062+3648506. This companion was identified using Pan-STARRS 1 data and despite its relative proximity to the Sun (22.2$_{-4.0}^{+6.4}$ pc; Pan-STARRS 1 parallax) and brightness (J...
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Published in: | Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2017-05, Vol.467 (1), p.1126-1139 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Citations: | Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Request full text |
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Summary: | Abstract
We present the discovery of a 360 au separation T3 companion to the tight (3.1 au) M4.5+M6.5 binary 2MASS J02132062+3648506. This companion was identified using Pan-STARRS 1 data and despite its relative proximity to the Sun (22.2$_{-4.0}^{+6.4}$ pc; Pan-STARRS 1 parallax) and brightness (J = 15.3), it appears to have been missed by previous studies due to its position near a diffraction spike in 2MASS. The close M dwarf binary has active X-ray and Hα emission and shows evidence for UV flares. The binary's weak GALEX UV emission and strong Na i 8200 Å Na absorption lead us to an age range of ∼1–10 Gyr. Applying this age range to evolutionary models implies that the wide companion has a mass of 0.063 ± 0.009 M⊙. 2MASS J0213+3648 C provides a relatively old benchmark close to the L/T transition and acts as a key, older comparison to the much younger early-T companions HN Peg B and GU Psc b. |
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ISSN: | 0035-8711 1365-2966 |
DOI: | 10.1093/mnras/stx065 |