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Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers using Marlboro Snus
Introduction: It has been reported that adult smokers (AS) may be considering smokeless tobacco products as an alternative to smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in exposure in AS using Marlboro snus (MSNUS) (a tobacco pouch product in test market in June 2007). Methods:...
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Published in: | Nicotine & tobacco research 2010-02, Vol.12 (2), p.105-116 |
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container_title | Nicotine & tobacco research |
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creator | Sarkar, Mohamadi Liu, Jianmin Koval, Tamara Wang, Jingzhu Feng, Shixia Serafin, Richard Jin, Yan Xie, Yuli Newland, Kirk Roethig, Hans J. |
description | Introduction:
It has been reported that adult smokers (AS) may be considering smokeless tobacco products as an alternative to smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in exposure in AS using Marlboro snus (MSNUS) (a tobacco pouch product in test market in June 2007).
Methods:
AS were randomized into the following groups-CS: subjects (n = 30) continue smoking their own brand; DU: subjects (n = 60) reduced their daily cigarette consumption by ≥50% and were allowed to use MSNUS; SN: subjects (n = 15) stopped smoking their cigarettes but were allowed to use MSNUS; NT: subjects (n = 15) were not allowed to use any tobacco products for the entire duration of the 8-day study. Biomarkers of smoke exposure (BOE) measured at baseline and postbaseline were 24-hr urinary excretion of metabolites of N-nitrosamines, nicotine (urine and plasma), aromatic amines, benzene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; urine mutagenicity; and carboxyhemoglobin at various timepoints.
Results:
Statistically significant (p < .05) reductions in all the urinary BOE were observed in the DU group compared with the CS group. After correcting for the residual effect, a proportionate reduction (∼50%) in most of the biomarkers was observed. Even larger reductions, similar to the NT group, were observed in the SN group.
Discussion:
The proportionate reduction in exposure when reducing the number of cigarettes by 50% and using MSNUS, under the consumption patterns observed, suggest that the AS did not appear to alter their smoking behavior. The added exposure from MSNUS usage in this group was minimal. The AS sustained substantial reductions in exposure when using MSNUS exclusively. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ntr/ntp183 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1093_ntr_ntp183</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>26757142</jstor_id><oup_id>10.1093/ntr/ntp183</oup_id><sourcerecordid>26757142</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-db18543e21dce735c3f3f274958f287b36f811991b62d5cc5ed39a3cd66af4583</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE1LxDAQhoMo7rp68a7k4kWoNpmmTY6yrB-w4mEVvJU0TZaubVOSRvTf2936cfMwzDvw8DI8CJ2S-IrEAq7b3g3TEQ57aEqSVERCJK_7u0wjSmOYoCPvN3FMCeHkEE3oEFMWwxStFu-yDrKvbIutwUVlG-netPPbS3901gencdViWYa6x6paS6f7XmPf2B0WfNWu8aN0dWGdxas2-GN0YGTt9cn3nqGX28Xz_D5aPt09zG-WkQLgfVQWhLMENCWl0hkwBQYMzRLBuKE8KyA1nBAhSJHSkinFdAlCgirTVJqEcZihy7FXOeu90ybvXDW8_5mTON-ayQcz-WhmgM9HuAtFo8tf9EfFAFyMgA3d_0VnI7fxvXV_PWnGMpJQ-AIEw3dh</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers using Marlboro Snus</title><source>Oxford Journals Online</source><source>JSTOR</source><creator>Sarkar, Mohamadi ; Liu, Jianmin ; Koval, Tamara ; Wang, Jingzhu ; Feng, Shixia ; Serafin, Richard ; Jin, Yan ; Xie, Yuli ; Newland, Kirk ; Roethig, Hans J.</creator><creatorcontrib>Sarkar, Mohamadi ; Liu, Jianmin ; Koval, Tamara ; Wang, Jingzhu ; Feng, Shixia ; Serafin, Richard ; Jin, Yan ; Xie, Yuli ; Newland, Kirk ; Roethig, Hans J.</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction:
It has been reported that adult smokers (AS) may be considering smokeless tobacco products as an alternative to smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in exposure in AS using Marlboro snus (MSNUS) (a tobacco pouch product in test market in June 2007).
Methods:
AS were randomized into the following groups-CS: subjects (n = 30) continue smoking their own brand; DU: subjects (n = 60) reduced their daily cigarette consumption by ≥50% and were allowed to use MSNUS; SN: subjects (n = 15) stopped smoking their cigarettes but were allowed to use MSNUS; NT: subjects (n = 15) were not allowed to use any tobacco products for the entire duration of the 8-day study. Biomarkers of smoke exposure (BOE) measured at baseline and postbaseline were 24-hr urinary excretion of metabolites of N-nitrosamines, nicotine (urine and plasma), aromatic amines, benzene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; urine mutagenicity; and carboxyhemoglobin at various timepoints.
Results:
Statistically significant (p < .05) reductions in all the urinary BOE were observed in the DU group compared with the CS group. After correcting for the residual effect, a proportionate reduction (∼50%) in most of the biomarkers was observed. Even larger reductions, similar to the NT group, were observed in the SN group.
Discussion:
The proportionate reduction in exposure when reducing the number of cigarettes by 50% and using MSNUS, under the consumption patterns observed, suggest that the AS did not appear to alter their smoking behavior. The added exposure from MSNUS usage in this group was minimal. The AS sustained substantial reductions in exposure when using MSNUS exclusively.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1462-2203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-994X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntp183</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20026503</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; Biomarkers - urine ; Butadienes - urine ; Carbon Monoxide - urine ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Female ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure - analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nicotine - urine ; Nitrosamines - urine ; ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS ; Pyrenes - analysis ; Smoke - analysis ; Smoking - urine ; Tobacco, Smokeless - analysis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Nicotine & tobacco research, 2010-02, Vol.12 (2), p.105-116</ispartof><rights>The Author 2009</rights><rights>The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-db18543e21dce735c3f3f274958f287b36f811991b62d5cc5ed39a3cd66af4583</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-db18543e21dce735c3f3f274958f287b36f811991b62d5cc5ed39a3cd66af4583</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26757142$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26757142$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,58238,58471</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20026503$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sarkar, Mohamadi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jianmin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koval, Tamara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jingzhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Shixia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Serafin, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Yuli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newland, Kirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roethig, Hans J.</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers using Marlboro Snus</title><title>Nicotine & tobacco research</title><addtitle>Nicotine Tob Res</addtitle><description>Introduction:
It has been reported that adult smokers (AS) may be considering smokeless tobacco products as an alternative to smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in exposure in AS using Marlboro snus (MSNUS) (a tobacco pouch product in test market in June 2007).
Methods:
AS were randomized into the following groups-CS: subjects (n = 30) continue smoking their own brand; DU: subjects (n = 60) reduced their daily cigarette consumption by ≥50% and were allowed to use MSNUS; SN: subjects (n = 15) stopped smoking their cigarettes but were allowed to use MSNUS; NT: subjects (n = 15) were not allowed to use any tobacco products for the entire duration of the 8-day study. Biomarkers of smoke exposure (BOE) measured at baseline and postbaseline were 24-hr urinary excretion of metabolites of N-nitrosamines, nicotine (urine and plasma), aromatic amines, benzene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; urine mutagenicity; and carboxyhemoglobin at various timepoints.
Results:
Statistically significant (p < .05) reductions in all the urinary BOE were observed in the DU group compared with the CS group. After correcting for the residual effect, a proportionate reduction (∼50%) in most of the biomarkers was observed. Even larger reductions, similar to the NT group, were observed in the SN group.
Discussion:
The proportionate reduction in exposure when reducing the number of cigarettes by 50% and using MSNUS, under the consumption patterns observed, suggest that the AS did not appear to alter their smoking behavior. The added exposure from MSNUS usage in this group was minimal. The AS sustained substantial reductions in exposure when using MSNUS exclusively.</description><subject>Administration, Inhalation</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biomarkers - urine</subject><subject>Butadienes - urine</subject><subject>Carbon Monoxide - urine</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inhalation Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nicotine - urine</subject><subject>Nitrosamines - urine</subject><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject><subject>Pyrenes - analysis</subject><subject>Smoke - analysis</subject><subject>Smoking - urine</subject><subject>Tobacco, Smokeless - analysis</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1462-2203</issn><issn>1469-994X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LxDAQhoMo7rp68a7k4kWoNpmmTY6yrB-w4mEVvJU0TZaubVOSRvTf2936cfMwzDvw8DI8CJ2S-IrEAq7b3g3TEQ57aEqSVERCJK_7u0wjSmOYoCPvN3FMCeHkEE3oEFMWwxStFu-yDrKvbIutwUVlG-netPPbS3901gencdViWYa6x6paS6f7XmPf2B0WfNWu8aN0dWGdxas2-GN0YGTt9cn3nqGX28Xz_D5aPt09zG-WkQLgfVQWhLMENCWl0hkwBQYMzRLBuKE8KyA1nBAhSJHSkinFdAlCgirTVJqEcZihy7FXOeu90ybvXDW8_5mTON-ayQcz-WhmgM9HuAtFo8tf9EfFAFyMgA3d_0VnI7fxvXV_PWnGMpJQ-AIEw3dh</recordid><startdate>20100201</startdate><enddate>20100201</enddate><creator>Sarkar, Mohamadi</creator><creator>Liu, Jianmin</creator><creator>Koval, Tamara</creator><creator>Wang, Jingzhu</creator><creator>Feng, Shixia</creator><creator>Serafin, Richard</creator><creator>Jin, Yan</creator><creator>Xie, Yuli</creator><creator>Newland, Kirk</creator><creator>Roethig, Hans J.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100201</creationdate><title>Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers using Marlboro Snus</title><author>Sarkar, Mohamadi ; Liu, Jianmin ; Koval, Tamara ; Wang, Jingzhu ; Feng, Shixia ; Serafin, Richard ; Jin, Yan ; Xie, Yuli ; Newland, Kirk ; Roethig, Hans J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-db18543e21dce735c3f3f274958f287b36f811991b62d5cc5ed39a3cd66af4583</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Administration, Inhalation</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biomarkers - urine</topic><topic>Butadienes - urine</topic><topic>Carbon Monoxide - urine</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inhalation Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nicotine - urine</topic><topic>Nitrosamines - urine</topic><topic>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</topic><topic>Pyrenes - analysis</topic><topic>Smoke - analysis</topic><topic>Smoking - urine</topic><topic>Tobacco, Smokeless - analysis</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sarkar, Mohamadi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jianmin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koval, Tamara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jingzhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Shixia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Serafin, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Yuli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newland, Kirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roethig, Hans J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Nicotine & tobacco research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sarkar, Mohamadi</au><au>Liu, Jianmin</au><au>Koval, Tamara</au><au>Wang, Jingzhu</au><au>Feng, Shixia</au><au>Serafin, Richard</au><au>Jin, Yan</au><au>Xie, Yuli</au><au>Newland, Kirk</au><au>Roethig, Hans J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers using Marlboro Snus</atitle><jtitle>Nicotine & tobacco research</jtitle><addtitle>Nicotine Tob Res</addtitle><date>2010-02-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>105</spage><epage>116</epage><pages>105-116</pages><issn>1462-2203</issn><eissn>1469-994X</eissn><abstract>Introduction:
It has been reported that adult smokers (AS) may be considering smokeless tobacco products as an alternative to smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in exposure in AS using Marlboro snus (MSNUS) (a tobacco pouch product in test market in June 2007).
Methods:
AS were randomized into the following groups-CS: subjects (n = 30) continue smoking their own brand; DU: subjects (n = 60) reduced their daily cigarette consumption by ≥50% and were allowed to use MSNUS; SN: subjects (n = 15) stopped smoking their cigarettes but were allowed to use MSNUS; NT: subjects (n = 15) were not allowed to use any tobacco products for the entire duration of the 8-day study. Biomarkers of smoke exposure (BOE) measured at baseline and postbaseline were 24-hr urinary excretion of metabolites of N-nitrosamines, nicotine (urine and plasma), aromatic amines, benzene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; urine mutagenicity; and carboxyhemoglobin at various timepoints.
Results:
Statistically significant (p < .05) reductions in all the urinary BOE were observed in the DU group compared with the CS group. After correcting for the residual effect, a proportionate reduction (∼50%) in most of the biomarkers was observed. Even larger reductions, similar to the NT group, were observed in the SN group.
Discussion:
The proportionate reduction in exposure when reducing the number of cigarettes by 50% and using MSNUS, under the consumption patterns observed, suggest that the AS did not appear to alter their smoking behavior. The added exposure from MSNUS usage in this group was minimal. The AS sustained substantial reductions in exposure when using MSNUS exclusively.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>20026503</pmid><doi>10.1093/ntr/ntp183</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | Oxford Journals Online; JSTOR |
subjects | Administration, Inhalation Adult Biomarkers - urine Butadienes - urine Carbon Monoxide - urine Environmental Monitoring - methods Female Humans Inhalation Exposure - analysis Male Middle Aged Nicotine - urine Nitrosamines - urine ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS Pyrenes - analysis Smoke - analysis Smoking - urine Tobacco, Smokeless - analysis Young Adult |
title | Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers using Marlboro Snus |
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