Safety and Efficacy of Calcium Carbonate in Children with Chronic Renal Failure

The safety and clinical efficacy of calcium carbonate therapy in children with chronic renal failure were assessed in 68 patients (average age 8.38 years) during a mean follow-up period of 19.9 months (range 1.2–49.4). Forty-seven episodes of hypercalcaemia occurred in 29 children (3.5 episodes per...

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Published in:Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation dialysis, transplantation, 1989, Vol.4 (6), p.539-544
Main Authors: Clark, A. G. B., Oner, A., Ward, Geraldine, Turner, C., Rigden, Susan P. A., Haycock, G. B., Chantler, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Biological and medical sciences
Calcium carbonate
Calcium Carbonate - adverse effects
Calcium Carbonate - therapeutic use
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Female
General and cellular metabolism. Vitamins
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Humans
Hypercalcaemia
Hypercalcemia - etiology
Infant
Kidney Failure, Chronic - drug therapy
Kidney Failure, Chronic - physiopathology
Male
Medical sciences
Nephrocalcinosis - etiology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Safety
Uraemia
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Summary:The safety and clinical efficacy of calcium carbonate therapy in children with chronic renal failure were assessed in 68 patients (average age 8.38 years) during a mean follow-up period of 19.9 months (range 1.2–49.4). Forty-seven episodes of hypercalcaemia occurred in 29 children (3.5 episodes per 100 patient-months). There were no significant differences in mean GFR or biochemical parameters between these patients at the start of calcium carbonate therapy and the group of children who never experienced hypercalcaemia. Good control of secondary hyperparathyroidism and a significant reduction in serum aluminium were achieved. Two of 23 hypercalcaemic patients showed nephrocalcinosis on ultrasonography. 99Tc pyrophosphate scanning failed to detect any other ectopic calcification. The incidence of hypercalcaemia increased significantly when the GFR was less than 15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and was most frequent in children receiving dialysis (48 episodes per 100 patient-months). The decrease in GFR during therapy was significantly more in the hypercalcaemic group compared to the normocalcaemic group (P
ISSN:0931-0509
1460-2385
1460-2385
DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.ndt.a091909