Thermal fluctuations of haemoglobin from different species: adaptation to temperature via conformational dynamics

• Published in: Journal of the Royal Society interface 2012-11, Vol.9 (76), p.2845-2855
• Main Authors: Stadler, A. M., Garvey, C. J., Bocahut, A., Sacquin-Mora, S., Digel, I., Schneider, G. J., Natali, F., Artmann, G. M., Zaccai, G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptation, Biological - physiology; Alligators and Crocodiles - physiology; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Body Temperature; Chickens - physiology; Circular Dichroism; Coarse-Grained Brownian Dynamics Simulations; Computational Biology; Computer Simulation; Crocodylus porosus; Gallus gallus domesticus; Haemoglobin; Hemoglobins - chemistry; Humans; Incoherent Neutron Scattering; Life Sciences; Molecular Sequence Data; Neutron Diffraction; Ornithorhynchus anatinus; Platypus - physiology; Protein Conformation; Protein Dynamics; Sequence Alignment; Species Specificity; Temperature; Thermodynamic Stability; Thermodynamics
• ISSN: 1742-5689; 1742-5662
• DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0364

Thermodynamic stability, configurational motions and internal forces of haemoglobin (Hb) of three endotherms (platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus; domestic chicken, Gallus gallus domesticus and human, Homo sapiens) and an ectotherm (salt water crocodile, Crocodylus porosus) were investigated using circular dichroism, incoherent elastic neutron scattering and coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations. The experimental results from Hb solutions revealed a direct correlation between protein resilience, melting temperature and average body temperature of the different species on the 0.1 ns time scale. Molecular forces appeared to be adapted to permit conformational fluctuations with a root mean square displacement close to 1.2 Å at the corresponding average body temperature of the endotherms. Strong forces within crocodile Hb maintain the amplitudes of motion within a narrow limit over the entire temperature range in which the animal lives. In fully hydrated powder samples of human and chicken, Hb mean square displacements and effective force constants on the 1 ns time scale showed no differences over the whole temperature range from 10 to 300 K, in contrast to the solution case. A complementary result of the study, therefore, is that one hydration layer is not sufficient to activate all conformational fluctuations of Hb in the pico- to nanosecond time scale which might be relevant for biological function. Coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations permitted to explore residue-specific effects. They indicated that temperature sensing of human and chicken Hb occurs mainly at residues lining internal cavities in the β-subunits.