Acoustic Resonance Techniques for Temperature, Stress and Impurity Characterization in Piezoelectric Materials [and Discussion]

The resonance frequency of a vibrating structure is sensitive to thermal, mechanical, or electrical perturbations. On account of the high resolution allowed by frequency measurements, very small temperature gradients and stresses can be detected and measured in piezoelectric, and mainly in quartz re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical and physical sciences 1986-11, Vol.320 (1554), p.171-180
Main Authors: Gagnepain, J. J., Almond, E., Green, R. E., Almond, D. P., Busse, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Audio frequencies
Crystals
Frequency shift
Impurities
Noise measurement
Phonons
Quartz
Quartz crystals
Resonators
Temperature gradients
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Summary:The resonance frequency of a vibrating structure is sensitive to thermal, mechanical, or electrical perturbations. On account of the high resolution allowed by frequency measurements, very small temperature gradients and stresses can be detected and measured in piezoelectric, and mainly in quartz resonators. Because of piezoelectric coupling, frequency is also sensitive to the relaxation of ionic impurities. The resonant method gives access to the nature and the concentration of the impurities. The interactions between thermal phonons also are characterized, by means of noise measurements and some interpretation of the mechanisms of 1/f noise will be presented.
ISSN:1364-503X
0080-4614
1471-2962
2054-0272
DOI:10.1098/rsta.1986.0108