Electromagnetic effects of neutrinos in an electron gas

We study the electromagnetic properties of a system that consists of an electron background and a neutrino gas that may be moving or at rest, as a whole, relative to the background. The photon self-energy for this system is characterized by the usual transverse and longitudinal polarization function...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review. D, Particles and fields Particles and fields, 2005-04, Vol.71 (7), Article 073006
Main Authors: Nieves, José F., Sahu, Sarira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ANISOTROPY
BIREFRINGENCE
DISPERSION RELATIONS
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
DISTURBANCES
ELECTRON GAS
ELECTRONS
MAGNETIC FIELDS
NEUTRINOS
PARTICLE INTERACTIONS
PHOTONS
PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
POLARIZATION
SELF-ENERGY
UNIVERSE
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Summary:We study the electromagnetic properties of a system that consists of an electron background and a neutrino gas that may be moving or at rest, as a whole, relative to the background. The photon self-energy for this system is characterized by the usual transverse and longitudinal polarization functions, and two additional ones which are the focus of our calculations, that give rise to birefringence and anisotropic effects in the photon dispersion relations. Expressions for them are obtained, which depend on the neutrino number densities and involve momentum integrals over the electron distribution functions, and are valid for any value of the photon momentum and general conditions of the electron gas. Those expressions are evaluated explicitly for several special cases and approximations which are generally useful in astrophysical and cosmological settings. Besides studying the photon dispersion relations, we consider the macroscopic electrodynamic equations for this system, which involve the standard dielectric and permeability constants plus two additional ones related to the photon self-energy functions. As an illustration, the equations are used to discuss the evolution of a magnetic field perturbation in such a medium. This particular phenomena has also been considered in a recent work by Semikoz and Sokoloff as a mechanism for the generation of large-scale magnetic fields in the early Universe as a consequence of the neutrino-plasma interactions, and allows us to establish contact with a specific application in a well defined context, with a broader scope and from a very different point of view.
ISSN:1550-7998
0556-2821
1550-2368
1089-4918
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.71.073006