A physical model of the low-current-density vacuum arc

A one-dimensional (1-D) physical model of the low-current-density steady-state vacuum arc is proposed. The model is based on the continuity equations for ions and electrons and the energy balance for the discharge system; the electric potential distribution in the discharge gap is assumed to be nonm...

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Published in:IEEE transactions on plasma science 1995-12, Vol.23 (6), p.884-892
Main Authors: Bolotov, A., Kozyrev, A., Korolev, Y.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anodes
Cathodes
Electric potential
Electrons
Equations
Ionization
Ions
Physics
Plasmas
Steady-state
Vacuum arcs
Voltage
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description A one-dimensional (1-D) physical model of the low-current-density steady-state vacuum arc is proposed. The model is based on the continuity equations for ions and electrons and the energy balance for the discharge system; the electric potential distribution in the discharge gap is assumed to be nonmonotonic. It is supposed that the ion current at the cathode is generated within the cathode potential fall region due to the ionization of the evaporated atoms by the plasma thermal electrons having Boltzmann's energy distribution. The model offers a satisfactory explanation for the principal regularities of a hot-cathode vacuum arc with diffuse attachment of the current. The applicability of the model proposed to the explanation of some processes occurring in a vacuum arc, such as the flow of fast ions toward the anode, the current cutoffs and voltage bursts, and the backward motion of a cathode spot in a transverse magnetic field is discussed.
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subjects Anodes
Cathodes
Electric potential
Electrons
Equations
Ionization
Ions
Physics
Plasmas
Steady-state
Vacuum arcs
Voltage
title A physical model of the low-current-density vacuum arc
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