Optimal Frequency for Wireless Power Transmission Into Dispersive Tissue

RF wireless interface enables remotely-powered implantable devices. Current studies in wireless power transmission into biological tissue tend to operate below 10 MHz due to tissue absorption loss, which results in large receive antennas. This paper examines the range of frequencies that will optimi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2010-05, Vol.58 (5), p.1739-1750
Main Authors: Poon, Ada S Y, O'Driscoll, Stephen, Meng, Teresa H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption
Antennas
Applied classical electromagnetism
Applied sciences
Biological
Biological system modeling
Biological tissues
Coiling
Devices
Dielectrics
Dispersion
Electromagnetic wave propagation, radiowave propagation
Electromagnetism
electron and ion optics
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications)
Implantable medical devices
Maintenance management
Miniaturization
Optimization
Physics
Power transmission
Propagation losses
Radio frequency
Radiocommunications
Receiving antennas
Studies
Systems, networks and services of telecommunications
Telecommunications
Telecommunications and information theory
Transmission and modulation (techniques and equipments)
Transmitting antennas
wireless power transfer
Wireless power transmission
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Summary:RF wireless interface enables remotely-powered implantable devices. Current studies in wireless power transmission into biological tissue tend to operate below 10 MHz due to tissue absorption loss, which results in large receive antennas. This paper examines the range of frequencies that will optimize the tradeoff between received power and tissue absorption. It first models biological tissue as a dispersive dielectric in a homogeneous medium and performs full-wave analysis to show that the optimal frequency is above 1 GHz for small receive coil and typical transmit-receive separations. Then, it includes the air-tissue interface and models human body as a planarly layered medium. The optimal frequency is shown to remain in the GHz-range. Finally, electromagnetic simulations are performed to include the effect of load impedance and look at the matched power gain. The optimal frequency is in the GHz-range for mm-sized transmit antenna and shifts to the sub-GHz range for cm-sized transmit antenna. The multiple orders of magnitude increase in the operating frequency enables dramatic miniaturization of implantable devices.
ISSN:0018-926X
1558-2221
DOI:10.1109/TAP.2010.2044310