Enhancing Electromagnetic Backscattering Responses for Target Detection in the Near Zone of Near-Field-Focused Phased Array Antennas

The analysis of electromagnetic (EM) scattering from a target located in the near zone of an electrically large near-field-focused (NFF) array of antennas is presented. The analysis first examined the EM scattering from a metal sphere, attempting to create a reference for comparison with other targe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2021-03, Vol.69 (3), p.1658-1669
Main Authors: Chou, Hsi-Tseng, Gao, Wen-Jin, Zhou, Jianhua, You, Baiqiang, He, Xian-Hui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antenna arrays
Antennas
array excitation
Backscatter
Backscattering
Estimation
Far fields
Near fields
near-field (NF) focus radiation
Noise measurement
Object detection
Optimization
Phased arrays
radar cross section (RCS)
Radar cross sections
Scattering
scattering field maximization
steepest ascent method
Steepest descent method
Target detection
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Summary:The analysis of electromagnetic (EM) scattering from a target located in the near zone of an electrically large near-field-focused (NFF) array of antennas is presented. The analysis first examined the EM scattering from a metal sphere, attempting to create a reference for comparison with other targets in a fashion analogous to conventional far-field analysis of radar cross section (RCS). Realistic targets were afterward examined and analyzed to exhibit their RCS characteristics. A numerical simulation-based maximization of EM scattering fields for effective target detection in the near zone of antenna was developed, which allows one to obtain a set of optimum element excitation weightings by applying the steepest ascent method (SAM). RCS phenomena were validated by full-wave simulations and experimental measurements to justify the feasibility of the proposed concept.
ISSN:0018-926X
1558-2221
DOI:10.1109/TAP.2020.3026878