First Principles Codes and Analysis Environments for Vacuum Electronics Simulation

The status of first principles modeling and simulation tools for vacuum electronics (VEs) is presented. These tools, when combined with parametric beam-wave interaction tools, comprise the suite of tools that enable the design and optimization of VE devices, such as RF amplifiers. Although many basi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on electron devices 2023-06, Vol.70 (6), p.2666-2679
Main Authors: Petillo, John J., Cooke, Simon J., Antonsen, Thomas M., Ovtchinnikov, Serguei G., Jensen, Aaron J., Nelson, Eric M., Jensen, Kevin L., Levush, Baruch
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Beam optics
Boundary conditions
Codes
Computational modeling
Design optimization
Design standards
electron emission
Electronics
electrostatic (ES) codes
Finite element analysis
Finite element method
finite-difference
finite-element
First principles
first-principles electromagnetic (EM) codes
gun code
Mathematical models
particle-in-cell (PIC)
Pipelines
Sensitivity analysis
Simulation
Solid modeling
Steady-state
Time-domain analysis
user environments
vacuum electronics (VEs) device modeling and simulation
Wave interaction
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Summary:The status of first principles modeling and simulation tools for vacuum electronics (VEs) is presented. These tools, when combined with parametric beam-wave interaction tools, comprise the suite of tools that enable the design and optimization of VE devices, such as RF amplifiers. Although many basic algorithms discussed in the article have been around for decades, the advances in electromagnetic and electrostatic particle-in-cell and meshless beam codes have revolutionized the VE device development process where first-pass design has become the standard. These include advances in emission physics, disparate-mesh geometry resolution, advanced boundary conditions, intercode operability, multimodule simulation pipelines, exploitation of computer hardware, optimization and sensitivity analysis, and advanced user simulation environments with multimodule pipelines. The article presents these advances.
ISSN:0018-9383
1557-9646
DOI:10.1109/TED.2023.3236910