Sensitivity and Resolution Enhancement of Coupled-Core Fluxgate Magnetometer by Negative Feedback

Coupled-core fluxgate magnetometer (CCFM), which is based on the coupling-induced oscillations in bistable nonlinear dynamics, can achieve self-excitation and obtain superior performances compared with the single core fluxgate magnetometer under the premise of utilizing the same residence times diff...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement 2019-02, Vol.68 (2), p.623-631
Main Authors: Li, Jingjie, Wang, Yanzhang, Zhang, Xue, Ji, Cheng, Shi, Jiaqing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Computer simulation
Coupled core fluxgate magnetometer (CCFM)
Coupling
Couplings
Dynamical systems
Excitation
Fluxgate magnetometers
Induction coils
Magnetic cores
magnetic field measurement
Magnetic noise
Magnetic shielding
Magnetometers
Negative feedback
Nonlinear dynamics
Performance enhancement
residence times difference (RTD)
resolution
Sensitivity
Sensitivity enhancement
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Summary:Coupled-core fluxgate magnetometer (CCFM), which is based on the coupling-induced oscillations in bistable nonlinear dynamics, can achieve self-excitation and obtain superior performances compared with the single core fluxgate magnetometer under the premise of utilizing the same residence times difference readout method. One of the pivotal factors determining the performances of CCFM is the critical coupling factor. To get control of it and further enhance the sensor performances, the negative feedback is exploited and implemented by feeding the magnetization from induction coil to excitation coil of the same fluxgate element (self-feedback). Theoretical analyses, Simulink simulations with a quantitative model, and experimental results obtained in the magnetic shielded environment reveal the critical coupling factor adjustment effect of negative feedback on CCFM and confirm the substantial enhancement of sensor performances. Finally, the sensitivity of CCFM for the static magnetic field detection is improved from 0.0253 to 0.7895~\mu \text{s} /nT, and the magnetic resolution of CCFM is optimized from 0.395 to 0.049 nT. Therefore, the negative feedback is an effective and reliable method for performances enhancement of CCFM, and it has potential utilization on the oscillation systems with similar dynamic peculiarities for factor adjustment.
ISSN:0018-9456
1557-9662
DOI:10.1109/TIM.2018.2845478