The neurochip BCI: towards a neural prosthesis for upper limb function

The Neurochip BCI is an autonomously operating interface between an implanted computer chip and recording and stimulating electrodes in the nervous system. By converting neural activity recorded in one brain area into electrical stimuli delivered to another site, the Neurochip BCI could form the bas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering 2006-06, Vol.14 (2), p.187-190
Main Authors: Jackson, A., Moritz, C.T., Mavoori, J., Lucas, T.H., Fetz, E.E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brain
Brain - physiopathology
Brain-computer interface (BCI)
Computer interfaces
Electric Stimulation Therapy - instrumentation
Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods
Electrodes
Electromyography
Equipment Design
Equipment Failure Analysis
Evoked Potentials
Haplorhini
Humans
motor cortex
Motor Cortex - physiopathology
Movement Disorders - physiopathology
Movement Disorders - rehabilitation
Muscle, Skeletal - innervation
Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology
Muscles
Nervous system
neural prosthetics
Neurons
Prosthetics
Pyramidal Tracts - physiopathology
Spinal cord
spinal cord injury
Testing
Therapy, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation
Therapy, Computer-Assisted - methods
Upper Extremity - innervation
Upper Extremity - physiopathology
User-Computer Interface
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Summary:The Neurochip BCI is an autonomously operating interface between an implanted computer chip and recording and stimulating electrodes in the nervous system. By converting neural activity recorded in one brain area into electrical stimuli delivered to another site, the Neurochip BCI could form the basis for a simple, direct neural prosthetic. In tests with normal, unrestrained monkeys, the Neurochip continuously recorded activity of single neurons in primary motor cortex for several weeks at a time. Cortical activity was correlated with simultaneously-recorded electromyogram (EMG) activity from arm muscles during free behavior. In separate experiments with anesthetized monkeys, we found that microstimulation of the cervical spinal cord evoked movements of the arm and hand, often involving multiple muscles synergies. These observations suggest that spinal microstimulation controlled by cortical neurons could help compensate for damaged corticospinal projections.
ISSN:1534-4320
1558-0210
DOI:10.1109/TNSRE.2006.875547