A Local Backup Protection Algorithm for HVDC Grids

DC faults in HVDC grids lead to quickly increasing currents which should be interrupted sufficiently fast to prevent damage to power-electronics components. Although several primary relaying algorithms for HVDC grids have been proposed, fast backup relaying algorithms are needed to ensure system rel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power delivery 2016-08, Vol.31 (4), p.1767-1775
Main Authors: Leterme, Willem, Pirooz Azad, Sahar, Van Hertem, Dirk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Backup protection
breaker failure
Circuit faults
Delays
Fault currents
HVDC grid
HVDC transmission
Interrupters
power system protection
protective relaying algorithm
Relays
Voltage measurement
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Summary:DC faults in HVDC grids lead to quickly increasing currents which should be interrupted sufficiently fast to prevent damage to power-electronics components. Although several primary relaying algorithms for HVDC grids have been proposed, fast backup relaying algorithms are needed to ensure system reliability when primary protection fails. This paper proposes a local backup relaying algorithm for HVDC grids, which leads to a short delay between primary and backup protective actions. The proposed algorithm, consisting of breaker and relay failure subsystems, uses classifiers which detect primary protection malfunctions based on the voltage and current waveforms associated with dc breaker operation. The algorithm initiates the detection of uncleared faults during primary protection operation, which results in accelerated actions by the backup protection after primary protection failure. The proposed algorithm is applied to a four-terminal HVDC grid. Study results show that the proposed algorithm accurately detects uncleared faults, identifies the source of primary protection malfunction, and expedites backup protective actions by operating during the fault current interruption interval of the primary protection.
ISSN:0885-8977
1937-4208
DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2543306