Aggregation and Optimal Management of TCLs for Frequency and Voltage Control of a Microgrid

A novel hierarchical Energy Management System (EMS) framework is proposed for the incorporation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) in the provision of ancillary services, namely frequency and voltage control of a microgrid. The TCL population is aggregated as a function of the ambient tempe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power delivery 2021-08, Vol.36 (4), p.2085-2096
Main Authors: Jendoubi, Imen, Sheshyekani, Keyhan, Dagdougui, Hanane
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ambient temperature
Ancillary services
Demand response
distributed energy resource
Distributed generation
Electric potential
Energy management
Frequency control
Generators
microgrid
Microgrids
multiobjective optimization
Multiple objective analysis
Neural networks
Optimization
Power flow
Switches
thermostatically controlled loads
Trust-Region
Voltage
Voltage control
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Summary:A novel hierarchical Energy Management System (EMS) framework is proposed for the incorporation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) in the provision of ancillary services, namely frequency and voltage control of a microgrid. The TCL population is aggregated as a function of the ambient temperature, voltage and frequency using a neural network-based approach. The proposed EMS comprises primary and secondary control levels. TCLs' participation in the primary control is selected to be semi-autonomous in order to obtain a fast response with low communication burden. The secondary control is centralized and aims to find the optimal dispatch of regulating resources including TCL clusters in order to minimize frequency and voltage deviations as well as grid operation cost. The secondary control relies on a Trust-Region Power Flow (PF)-based multi-objective optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TCLs in the proposed EMS does not compromise customer comfort while short cycling and the number of switching events are minimized.
ISSN:0885-8977
1937-4208
DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2020.3019894