Gender inequality, institutional quality and economic outcomes in the European Union

Our model, which analyses multi‐decade annual data from the European Union, suggests that gender inequality mediates the relationship between institutional quality and economic outcomes. We find that institutional quality significantly influences these outcomes, with positive associations with trade...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European financial management : the journal of the European Financial Management Association 2025-01, Vol.31 (1), p.463-492
Main Authors: Nam, Hyun‐Jung, Ryu, Doojin, Szilagyi, Peter G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Economic development
Economic growth
Economic inequality
Educational inequality
European Union
GDP
Gender equity
Gender inequality
Gross Domestic Product
Innovation
Innovations
Institutional quality
International trade
Labor force
Public policy
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Summary:Our model, which analyses multi‐decade annual data from the European Union, suggests that gender inequality mediates the relationship between institutional quality and economic outcomes. We find that institutional quality significantly influences these outcomes, with positive associations with trade and per capita GDP, and negative associations with innovation. Institutional quality positively (negatively) impacts labour force (educational) inequality. Institutions prioritize reducing labour force inequality to boost trade and per capita GDP but struggle to address educational inequality, which does not similarly contribute to economic growth. Whereas labour force inequality negligibly impacts innovation, educational inequality significantly impedes it.
ISSN:1354-7798
1468-036X
DOI:10.1111/eufm.12508