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Provenance of Eocene-Oligocene sediments in the San Jacinto fold belt; paleogeographic and geodynamic implications for the Northern Andes and the southern Caribbean

Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata of the San Jacinto Fold Belt (Colombian Caribbean) provide insights about sedimentary environments and paleogeographic evolution in the transition between the northern Andes and the South Caribbean deformed belt. We report new provenance (conventional sandstone petrograp...

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Published in:Geosphere (Boulder, Colo.) Colo.), 2020-02, Vol.16 (1), p.210-228
Main Authors: Osorio-Granada, E, Pardo-Trujillo, A, Restrepo-Moreno, S. A, Gallego, F, Muñoz, J, Plata, A, Trejos-Tamayo, R, Vallejo, F, Barbosa-Espitia, A, Cardona-Sánchez, F. J, Foster, D. A, Kamenov, G
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creator Osorio-Granada, E
Pardo-Trujillo, A
Restrepo-Moreno, S. A
Gallego, F
Muñoz, J
Plata, A
Trejos-Tamayo, R
Vallejo, F
Barbosa-Espitia, A
Cardona-Sánchez, F. J
Foster, D. A
Kamenov, G
description Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata of the San Jacinto Fold Belt (Colombian Caribbean) provide insights about sedimentary environments and paleogeographic evolution in the transition between the northern Andes and the South Caribbean deformed belt. We report new provenance (conventional sandstone petrography, heavy mineral analysis, and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and typology) and micropaleontologic data (palynology, calcareous nannofossils, and foraminifera) in samples collected from the lower Eocene (San Cayetano Formation) and upper Eocene-Oligocene (Toluviejo and Cienaga de Oro Formations) rocks in boreholes drilled by the Colombian Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos as well as from recently exposed Oligocene outcrops from the Cienaga de Oro Formation. Sandstone petrography shows modal variations, with high feldspar content in the lower Eocene rocks and high quartz content in the Oligocene deposits. This shift in compositional maturity may be due to climatic variations, tectonic activity, and/or changes in source areas. Heavy mineral analyses indicate variations that suggest sources primarily related to felsic igneous and/or low-grade metamorphic and mafic and ultramafic rocks. Zircon U-Pb geochronology displays age populations mainly in the Late Cretaceous, Late Jurassic, Permian-Triassic, and Precambrian (ca. 900-1500 Ma). In addition, zircon typology analyses indicate that the igneous zircons came primarily from monzogranites and granodiorites. Finally, the micropaleontologic and sedimentary data sets indicate that the sediments were deposited in tropical coastal and shallow marine environments. The sediments were transported by short rivers from the crystalline massifs of the Lower Magdalena Valley and the northern Central Cordillera basements, while distal transport of sediments may have occurred along longer rivers, which brought sediments from southern regions located between the Central and Western Cordilleras.
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A ; Gallego, F ; Muñoz, J ; Plata, A ; Trejos-Tamayo, R ; Vallejo, F ; Barbosa-Espitia, A ; Cardona-Sánchez, F. J ; Foster, D. A ; Kamenov, G</creator><creatorcontrib>Osorio-Granada, E ; Pardo-Trujillo, A ; Restrepo-Moreno, S. A ; Gallego, F ; Muñoz, J ; Plata, A ; Trejos-Tamayo, R ; Vallejo, F ; Barbosa-Espitia, A ; Cardona-Sánchez, F. J ; Foster, D. A ; Kamenov, G</creatorcontrib><description>Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata of the San Jacinto Fold Belt (Colombian Caribbean) provide insights about sedimentary environments and paleogeographic evolution in the transition between the northern Andes and the South Caribbean deformed belt. 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Zircon U-Pb geochronology displays age populations mainly in the Late Cretaceous, Late Jurassic, Permian-Triassic, and Precambrian (ca. 900-1500 Ma). In addition, zircon typology analyses indicate that the igneous zircons came primarily from monzogranites and granodiorites. Finally, the micropaleontologic and sedimentary data sets indicate that the sediments were deposited in tropical coastal and shallow marine environments. The sediments were transported by short rivers from the crystalline massifs of the Lower Magdalena Valley and the northern Central Cordillera basements, while distal transport of sediments may have occurred along longer rivers, which brought sediments from southern regions located between the Central and Western Cordilleras.</abstract><pub>Geological Society of America</pub><doi>10.1130/GES02059.1</doi><tpages>19</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Freely Accessible Science Journals - check A-Z of ejournals
subjects absolute age
Andes
biostratigraphy
Caribbean region
Cenozoic
Cienaga de Oro Formation
clastic rocks
coastal environment
Colombia
cores
Eocene
fold belts
Geochronology
heavy minerals
lithostratigraphy
marine environment
microfossils
nannofossils
nesosilicates
Northern Andes
Oligocene
orthosilicates
paleoenvironment
Paleogene
paleogeography
palynomorphs
petrography
provenance
San Cayetano Formation
San Jacinto Belt
San Jacinto Formation
sandstone
sedimentary rocks
shallow-water environment
silicates
South America
stratigraphic units
Stratigraphy
Tertiary
Toluviejo Formation
U/Pb
zircon
zircon group
title Provenance of Eocene-Oligocene sediments in the San Jacinto fold belt; paleogeographic and geodynamic implications for the Northern Andes and the southern Caribbean
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