Main Cause of Surface Waveguides Formed under LiNbO 3 Crystal Surface during Thermal Treatment

The formation of a surface waveguide on LiNbO 3 crystals at about 1000°C was examined by systematic experimentation with respect to the content of H 2 O vapor in the heating atmosphere and OH - ions contained in the crystals before heating. The thermal diffusion of OH - ions led to the formation of...

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Published in:Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 1997-01, Vol.36 (1R), p.239
Main Authors: Koide, Akira, Hajime Shimizu, Hajime Shimizu, Toshihiko Saito, Toshihiko Saito
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Hajime Shimizu, Hajime Shimizu
Toshihiko Saito, Toshihiko Saito
description The formation of a surface waveguide on LiNbO 3 crystals at about 1000°C was examined by systematic experimentation with respect to the content of H 2 O vapor in the heating atmosphere and OH - ions contained in the crystals before heating. The thermal diffusion of OH - ions led to the formation of inhomogeneous layers which had a refractive-index fluctuation around n S . We concluded that the main cause of the surface waveguide formation was OH - ions. The formation of a surface waveguide and its prevention by H 2 O vapor are concluded to be regarded as the same mechanism.
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title Main Cause of Surface Waveguides Formed under LiNbO 3 Crystal Surface during Thermal Treatment
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