Content-adaptive parallax barriers: optimizing dual-layer 3D displays using low-rank light field factorization

• Published in: ACM transactions on graphics 2010-12, Vol.29 (6), p.1-10
• Main Authors: Lanman, Douglas, Hirsch, Matthew, Kim, Yunhee, Raskar, Ramesh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0730-0301; 1557-7368
• DOI: 10.1145/1882261.1866164

We optimize automultiscopic displays built by stacking a pair of modified LCD panels. To date, such dual-stacked LCDs have used heuristic parallax barriers for view-dependent imagery: the front LCD shows a fixed array of slits or pinholes, independent of the multi-view content. While prior works adapt the spacing between slits or pinholes, depending on viewer position, we show both layers can also be adapted to the multi-view content, increasing brightness and refresh rate. Unlike conventional barriers, both masks are allowed to exhibit non-binary opacities. It is shown that any 4D light field emitted by a dual-stacked LCD is the tensor product of two 2D masks. Thus, any pair of 1D masks only achieves a rank-1 approximation of a 2D light field. Temporal multiplexing of masks is shown to achieve higher-rank approximations. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) minimizes the weighted Euclidean distance between a target light field and that emitted by the display. Simulations and experiments characterize the resulting content-adaptive parallax barriers for low-rank light field approximation.