Environmental Toxicology Assays Using Organ-on-Chip

Adverse effects of environmental toxicants to human health have traditionally been assayed using in vitro assays. Organ-on-chip (OOC) is a new platform that can bridge the gaps between in vitro assays (or 3D cell culture) and animal tests. Microenvironments, physical and biochemical stimuli, and ade...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.) Calif.), 2021-07, Vol.14 (1), p.155-183
Main Authors: Akarapipad, Patarajarin, Kaarj, Kattika, Liang, Yan, Yoon, Jeong-Yeol
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Assaying
Biochips
Biocompatibility
Biosensors
Cell culture
cell-based assays
environmental toxicants
in vitro assays
In vivo methods and tests
Metabolism
Microenvironments
multiple-organs-on-chip
Organs
Screening
Toxicants
Toxicity
Toxicology
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Summary:Adverse effects of environmental toxicants to human health have traditionally been assayed using in vitro assays. Organ-on-chip (OOC) is a new platform that can bridge the gaps between in vitro assays (or 3D cell culture) and animal tests. Microenvironments, physical and biochemical stimuli, and adequate sensing and biosensing systems can be integrated into OOC devices to better recapitulate the in vivo tissue and organ behavior and metabolism. While OOCs have extensively been studied for drug toxicity screening, their implementation in environmental toxicology assays is minimal and has limitations. In this review, recent attempts of environmental toxicology assays using OOCs, including multiple-organs-on-chip, are summarized and compared with OOC-based drug toxicity screening. Requirements for further improvements are identified and potential solutions are suggested.
ISSN:1936-1327
1936-1335
DOI:10.1146/annurev-anchem-091620-091335