Triplex DNA Structures

A DNA triplex is formed when pyrimidine or purine bases occupy the major groove of the DNA double Helix forming Hoogsteen pairs with purines of the Watson-Crick basepairs. Intermolecular triplexes are formed between triplex forming oligonucleotides (TFO) and target sequences on duplex DNA. Intramole...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of biochemistry 1995-01, Vol.64 (1), p.65-95
Main Authors: Frank-Kamenetskii, Maxim D, Mirkin, Sergei M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
DNA - chemistry
DNA - genetics
DNA triplex
Drug Stability
gene-drugs
H-DNA
Humans
Molecular Structure
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Nucleic Acids - chemistry
Peptides - chemistry
PNA
Recombination, Genetic
triplex-forming oligonucleotides
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Summary:A DNA triplex is formed when pyrimidine or purine bases occupy the major groove of the DNA double Helix forming Hoogsteen pairs with purines of the Watson-Crick basepairs. Intermolecular triplexes are formed between triplex forming oligonucleotides (TFO) and target sequences on duplex DNA. Intramolecular triplexes are the major elements of H-DNAs, unusual DNA structures, which are formed in homopurine-homopyrimidine regions of supercoiled DNAs. TFOs are promising gene-drugs, which can be used in an anti-gene strategy, that attempt to modulate gene activity in vivo. Numerous chemical modifications of TFO are known. In peptide nucleic acid (PNA), the sugarphosphate backbone is replaced with a protein-like backbone. PNAs form P-loops while interacting with duplex DNA fonning triplex with one of DNA strands leaving the other strand displaced. Very unusual recombination or parallel triplexes, or R-DNA, have been assumed to form under RecA protein in the course of homologous recombination.
ISSN:0066-4154
1545-4509
DOI:10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.000433