For Better or Worse: Modulation of the Host DNA Damage Response by Human Papillomavirus

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with several human cancers. HPVs are small, DNA viruses that rely on host cell machinery for viral replication. The HPV life cycle takes place in the stratified epithelium, which is composed of different cell states, including terminally differe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of virology 2023-09, Vol.10 (1), p.325-345
Main Authors: Studstill, Caleb J, Moody, Cary A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
DNA Damage
DNA damage response
HPV-associated cancers
human papillomavirus
Human Papillomavirus Viruses
Humans
innate immune activation
Papillomaviridae - genetics
Papillomavirus Infections - genetics
viral life cycle
Virus Replication - genetics
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Summary:High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with several human cancers. HPVs are small, DNA viruses that rely on host cell machinery for viral replication. The HPV life cycle takes place in the stratified epithelium, which is composed of different cell states, including terminally differentiating cells that are no longer active in the cell cycle. HPVs have evolved mechanisms to persist and replicate in the stratified epithelium by hijacking and modulating cellular pathways, including the DNA damage response (DDR). HPVs activate and exploit DDR pathways to promote viral replication, which in turn increases the susceptibility of the host cell to genomic instability and carcinogenesis. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of the host cell DDR by high-risk HPVs during the viral life cycle and discuss the potential cellular consequences of modulating DDR pathways.
ISSN:2327-056X
2327-0578
DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-111821-103452