Hispanic or Latin American Ancestry Is Associated with a Similar Genomic Profile and a Trend Toward Inferior Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma As Compared to Non-Hispanic White Patients in the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) CoMMpassstudy

• Published in: Blood 2021-11, Vol.138 (Supplement 1), p.4117-4117
• Main Authors: Williams, Louis, Blaney, Patrick, Boyle, Eileen M, Ghamlouch, Hussein, Wang, Yubao, Choi, Jinyoung, Bauer, Michael A, Siegel, Ariel, Stoeckle, James, Razzo, Beatrice, Auclair, Daniel, Kaminetzky, David, Braunstein, Marc, Bruno, Benedetto, Arbini, Arnaldo A., Walker, Brian A, Davies, Faith E., Morgan, Gareth J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0006-4971; 1528-0020
• DOI: 10.1182/blood-2021-148854

Introduction Large clinical data sets suggest that the natural history and prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) differs between patients of European and African ancestry, with the latter group exhibiting an earlier age at onset and poorer overall prognosis in some studies. The use of next generation sequencing (NGS) to characterize the genomic landscape of multiple myeloma (MM) suggests that the observed phenotypic differences between these groups of patients may reflect distinct underlying genomic profiles and mutational processes. Thus far, characterizations of this type have focused principally on patients of African ancestry (AA). Here, we characterize the genomic features and outcomes of a large series of patients of Hispanic or Latin American ancestry (HL) as compared to their Non-Hispanic white (NHW) counterparts. Methods Subjects were selected from the MMRF CoMMpass SM trial, a study that includes 1,154 patients with updated outcome data as of March, 2020. Within this data set, 760 patients had information on race and ethnicity. Among these, 55 HL patients and 478 NHW patients possessed complete clinical and genomic information. We analyzed baseline whole exome sequencing (WES) and long insert whole genome sequencing (WGS) as previously described (Walker, et al. Blood 2019). Our analysis focused on 63 known driver mutations in multiple myeloma and 39 sites of common copy number variation across the study population. Complex structural variants and tumor telomere length were called using previously described bioinformatic tools (Boyle et al. Leukemia 2021). Survival analysis was undertaken using the Kaplan-Meier method with hazard ratios determined by the Cox proportional hazards model. Results In a comparison of clinical features between the Hispanic and NHW population, we did not identify any differences in age of onset, gender, presenting cytogenetics, International Staging System Score (ISS), and IMWG Risk Category. The proportion of patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation was similar between groups. We identified no statistically significant differences in the presence of characteristic translocations involving IgH locus or in hyperdiploidy status. No statistically significant differences in tumor mutational burden or loss-of-heterozygosity percentage emerged between HL and NHW patients. We examined non-synonymous variations (NSV) and copy number variations at the loci of known MM driver genes and encountered no