Understanding the Physical and Psychosocial Impacts of Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency: Patient-Led Development of the Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Life Phase Model

• Published in: Blood 2023-11, Vol.142 (Supplement 1), p.3691-3691
• Main Authors: Grace, Rachael F., Cannon, Lily, Eijgenraam, Maaike, Lander, Carl, Miller D'Angelo, Laura, Morris, Susan, Davis, Janie, Patel, Parija, Schryver, Tamara, Watson, Alejandra, Barcellini, Wilma
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0006-4971; 1528-0020
• DOI: 10.1182/blood-2023-181979

Background: Pyruvate Kinase (PK) deficiency is a rare congenital hemolytic anemia with an estimated prevalence of 3.2 to 8.5 cases per million in Western populations. Although research is limited, PK deficiency has a wide-ranging impact on quality of life (QoL) physically and psychosocially. Patients often feel that information in these domains in not adequately captured nor the interconnections between them understood during different life phases. To address this gap, the PK Deficiency Advocacy Advisory Council (AAC; formed and funded by Agios Pharmaceuticals), a multi-disciplinary group of patients, carers, advocates, and health care providers (HCPs), developed the PK Deficiency Life Phase Model that summarizes the physical and psychosocial symptoms individuals and their carers may face at specific life phases. Objective: Provide HCPs, patients, and carers a guiding source of information to further understand the potential physical and psychosocial impacts of PK deficiency through a life phase model based on the lived experience of patients and carers. Methods: Life phases were based on published literatureand AAC input (N=2 HCPs, N=4 patients, N=1 advocate and N=1 carer). Lived experiences were collected in AAC workshops and sorted into either physical or psychosocial domains/ themes and assigned to specific life phase(s). The impact of each experience on patients in each life phase was scored on a high to low frequency scale based on AAC experiences. This content formed the Life Phase Model which was verified through several subsequent patient advocacy research steps. A targeted literature review of physical and psychosocial topics was also conducted to refine the model, which was further supplemented with data from Agios' Peak Registry. The Model was pressure tested in three focus groups representing young adult patients aged 18 to 25 (N=9), mature patients aged over 25 (N=14), or carers (N=7) from nine countries. Additional input was collected in in-depth interviews (N=4). Research was conducted in accordance with British Healthcare Business Intelligence Association Legal and Ethical Guidelines, as well as guidelines established by UK Market Research Society. These steps were taken to ensure diversity, accuracy, and inclusivity of experiences from the whole community. Results: Physical themes associated with each life phase included symptoms, complications/comorbidities, impacts of transfusions, iron overload and disease management options. Psycholog