Wide beam steering by slow-light waveguide gratings and a prism lens

• Published in: Optica 2020-01, Vol.7 (1), p.47
• Main Authors: Ito, Hiroyuki, Kusunoki, Yuma, Maeda, Jun, Akiyama, Daichi, Kodama, Naoya, Abe, Hiroshi, Tetsuya, Ryo, Baba, Toshihiko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 2334-2536; 2334-2536
• DOI: 10.1364/OPTICA.381484

A lattice-shifted photonic crystal waveguide (LSPCW) maintains slow light as a guided mode and works as an optical antenna when a kind of double periodicity is introduced. Selecting one LSPCW from its array and converting the fan beam to a spot beam using a collimator lens allows non-mechanical, two-dimensional beam steering. We employed a shallow-etched grating into the LSPCW as the double periodicity to increase the upward emission efficiency and designed a bespoke prism lens to convert the steering angle in a desired direction while maintaining the collimation condition for the steered beam. As a result, a sharp spot beam with an average beam divergence of 0.15° was steered in the range of 40 ∘ × 4.4 ∘ without precise adjustment of the lens position. The number of resolution points obtained was 4256. This method did not require complicated and power-consuming optical phase control like that in optical phased arrays, so it is expected to be applied in complete solid-state light detection and ranging.