Modeless Raman fiber laser

• Published in: Optica 2023-08, Vol.10 (8), p.1037
• Main Authors: Li, Yanxin, Deng, Jiancheng, Shen, Ming, Cheng, Peiyun, Shu, Xuewen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 2334-2536; 2334-2536
• DOI: 10.1364/OPTICA.488920

The discrete multi-longitudinal mode structure and temporal periodic fluctuation are the intrinsic features of conventional lasers. However, longitudinal mode spacing limits the maximum resolution in high-resolution laser sensing systems. In addition, temporal periodic fluctuation reduces the security of secure communication and deteriorates the randomness in fast physical random bit generation. Therefore, it still remains an open challenge to realize a laser source without discrete longitudinal mode and temporal periodic fluctuation. Here, a modeless Raman fiber laser (RFL) with high efficiency was demonstrated. The output cavity mirror adopts a fiber Bragg grating with ultralow reflectance of −27dB. Due to the modulation instability, the discrete multi-longitudinal modes in the RFL gradually broaden with the increase of intracavity Stokes wave power and eventually fully overlap. At high power levels, the RFL no longer has discrete longitudinal modes like a conventional laser but generates a quasi-continuous spectrum. Benefiting from the modeless nature, the RFL can achieve extremely low relative intensity noise, favorable temporal stability, and rather low coherence. Modeless RFLs are expected to be ushered as ideal light sources into secure communication, optical sensing, and optical imaging.