Effect of sodium carbonate on nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Indonesian Mesona Blume extract

• Published in: Italian journal of food science 2025-01, Vol.37 (1), p.103-118
• Main Authors: Seah, Romson, Siripongvutikorn, Sunisa, Wichienchot, Santad, Usawakesmanee, Worapong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1120-1770; 1120-1770
• DOI: 10.15586/ijfs.v37i1.2713

Mesona plant has long been used as a traditional herbal medicine to treat hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hepatic and colon disorders, and inflammation. China is the main producer of dried Mesona, but Indonesian Mesona is also popular, particularly in Thailand because of inexpensiveness and quality consistency. The nutritive values, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities of the Indonesian Mesona plant aqueous extracts from both with and without sodium carbonate (control) were determined. After separation, the supernatant and precipitated extracts were analyzed for antioxidant activities, such as 2,2′-azi no-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Results showed that the extracts from sample-added sodium carbonate yielded more crude protein, crude fat, and crude carbohydrate, compared to control extracts. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents of extract supernatants with and without sodium carbonate were higher than the precipitated extracts with and without treatment. Supernatant extract with and without sodium carbonate showed higher values of all tested antioxidant activities based on ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP, compared to the precipitate extracts. The IC50 values of ABTS DPPH, and FRAP found in the supernatants with and without sodium carbon-ate were 0.18±0.13, 0.27±0.17, and 0.13±0.02 mg/mL and 0.25±0.02, 0.14±0.06, and 0.20±0.09 mg/mL, respec-tively, while the values of precipitates were 0.47±0.06, 0.61±0.02, and 0.34±0.01 mg/mL and 0.73±0.03, 0.29±0.08, and 0.32±0.04 mg/mL, respcetively. Plant extraction with addition of sodium carbonate revealed good nutritional value, total polyphenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities. Adding sodium carbonate improved the extraction process, with a higher yield, several bioactive compounds, and biological activities.