Cytotoxic Potential of Rare Plant Salvia candidissima subsp. candidissima on Breast Cancer Cells

• Published in: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 2023-01, Vol.66
• Main Authors: Erturk, Elif, Onur, Omer Enes, Aydin, Ipek, Ozel, Mustafa Zafer, Firat, Mehmet, Ari, Ferda
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: breast cancer; cytotoxicity; MCF-7; MDA-MB-231; Salvia candidissima Vahl. subsp. candidissima
• ISSN: 1516-8913; 1678-4324
• DOI: 10.1590/1678-4324-2023220358

Abstract Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women throughout the world. Research on natural anti-cancer products from plants has gained traction. Salvia L. species and their derivatives are rare in Turkey and have suggested for their potential anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study is to assess the potential cytotoxic/apoptotic activities of methanol extract of Salvia candidissima Vahl. subsp. candidissima (SCE) on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. A GCxGC-TOF/MS system and a dual stage commercial thermal desorption injector were used to determine the chemical components of SCE. MTT and ATP viability tests were used to investigate the anti-growth activity. The apoptosis-inducing effect was assessed using a fluorescence staining method. Caspase-cleaved keratin 18 (ccK18, M30-antigen) levels measured by M30-CytoDeath ELISA Kit. The results showed that SCE suppressed the survival of the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, based on the findings of both MTT and ATP cell viability tests and pyknotic cell nuclei were observed via fluorescent staining in both cell lines after 48 h of treatment. The treatment group had greater levels of caspase-cleaved keratin 18 in the MCF-7 cells than the untreated group. These results showed that SCE triggers apoptosis, causes cell death in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. SCE may become promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of breast cancer with further in vitro and in vivo studies.