Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effects of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and/or lipid) in the diet of young adult (72 days) and adult (182 days) Wistar rats treated ad libitum and with 30% restriction from birth on anxiety in the elevated plus-maze. Methods We used 238 rats treated from b...

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Published in:Revista de Nutrição 2020, Vol.33
Main Authors: RIUL, Tania Regina, ALMEIDA, Sebastião Sousa
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description ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effects of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and/or lipid) in the diet of young adult (72 days) and adult (182 days) Wistar rats treated ad libitum and with 30% restriction from birth on anxiety in the elevated plus-maze. Methods We used 238 rats treated from birth, composing the groups: Control, Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Carbohydrate and Lipid, Control Restriction, Protein Restriction, Carbohydrate Restriction, Lipid Restriction and Carbohydrate and Lipid Restriction. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and tested in the elevated plus-maze. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, followed by the Newman-Keuls Test (p
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Methods We used 238 rats treated from birth, composing the groups: Control, Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Carbohydrate and Lipid, Control Restriction, Protein Restriction, Carbohydrate Restriction, Lipid Restriction and Carbohydrate and Lipid Restriction. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and tested in the elevated plus-maze. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, followed by the Newman-Keuls Test (p&lt;0.05). Results Among the animals treated ad libitum, the Control, Carbohydrate plus Lipid and Lipid gained more weight than the Carbohydrate and Protein; ad libitum animals gained more weight than those on restriction; among the restrictions, Carbohydrate Restriction rats were the ones that gained less weight. Diet-restricted animals exhibited reduced first-entry latency, greater percentage of entries and time spent, frequency of open arm extremity visits, head dipping (protected and unprotected), and length of stay in the central area of the elevated plus-maze. The animals with 182 days presented greater latency for first entry, reduced frequency of false entries and visits to the ends of the open arms and protected head dipping. Conclusion Food restricted animals, regardless of the macronutrient present in the diet, were less anxious and/or increased their impulsivity and those at 182 days were more anxious and/or with reduced impulsivity. RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos dos macronutrientes (proteína, carboidrato e/ou lipídeos) na alimentação de ratos Wistar adultos jovens (72 dias) e adultos (182 dias) tratados ad libitum e com restrição a 30% desde o nascimento quanto à ansiedade através do labirinto em cruz elevado. Métodos Foram utilizados 238 ratos tratados desde o nascimento, compondo os grupos Controle, Proteína, Carboidrato, Lipídeos, Carboidrato e Lipídeos, Restrição Controle, Restrição Proteína, Restrição Carboidrato, Restrição Lipídeos e Restrição Carboidrato e Lipídeos. Os animais foram pesados no início e no final do experimento e testados no labirinto em cruz elevado. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, seguida do teste de Newman-Keuls (p&lt;0,05). Resultados Entre os animais tratados ad libitum, os dos grupos Controle, Carboidrato e Lipídeos, e Lipídeos ganharam mais peso do que os Carboidrato e Proteína; os ad libitum ganharam mais peso do que os de restrição; os Restrição Carboidrato foram os que ganharam menos peso. Animais alimentados com restrição de dieta apresentaram menor latência de primeira entrada, maior porcentagem de entradas e de tempo gasto, frequência de visitas às extremidades dos braços abertos, de mergulho (protegido e desprotegido) e tempo de permanência na área central do labirinto em cruz elevado. Os animais com 182 dias demonstraram maior latência para primeira entrada, menor frequência de falsas entradas e visitas às extremidades dos braços abertos e mergulho protegido. Conclusão Os animais em restrição alimentar, independentemente do macronutriente presente na dieta, foram menos ansiosos e/ou mais impulsivos, e os com 182 dias foram mais ansiosos e/ou menos impulsivos.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1415-5273</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1678-9865</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1678-9865</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202033e190143</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas</publisher><subject>NUTRITION &amp; DIETETICS</subject><ispartof>Revista de Nutrição, 2020, Vol.33</ispartof><rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c342t-260037c206bff8cd785d2f326df6d010809ee13cb91ac00f1d70ddef6131ef373</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c342t-260037c206bff8cd785d2f326df6d010809ee13cb91ac00f1d70ddef6131ef373</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0393-2236 ; 0000-0002-1551-9062</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,4022,27922,27923,27924</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>RIUL, Tania Regina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ALMEIDA, Sebastião Sousa</creatorcontrib><title>Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats</title><title>Revista de Nutrição</title><addtitle>Rev. Nutr</addtitle><description>ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effects of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and/or lipid) in the diet of young adult (72 days) and adult (182 days) Wistar rats treated ad libitum and with 30% restriction from birth on anxiety in the elevated plus-maze. Methods We used 238 rats treated from birth, composing the groups: Control, Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Carbohydrate and Lipid, Control Restriction, Protein Restriction, Carbohydrate Restriction, Lipid Restriction and Carbohydrate and Lipid Restriction. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and tested in the elevated plus-maze. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, followed by the Newman-Keuls Test (p&lt;0.05). Results Among the animals treated ad libitum, the Control, Carbohydrate plus Lipid and Lipid gained more weight than the Carbohydrate and Protein; ad libitum animals gained more weight than those on restriction; among the restrictions, Carbohydrate Restriction rats were the ones that gained less weight. Diet-restricted animals exhibited reduced first-entry latency, greater percentage of entries and time spent, frequency of open arm extremity visits, head dipping (protected and unprotected), and length of stay in the central area of the elevated plus-maze. The animals with 182 days presented greater latency for first entry, reduced frequency of false entries and visits to the ends of the open arms and protected head dipping. Conclusion Food restricted animals, regardless of the macronutrient present in the diet, were less anxious and/or increased their impulsivity and those at 182 days were more anxious and/or with reduced impulsivity. RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos dos macronutrientes (proteína, carboidrato e/ou lipídeos) na alimentação de ratos Wistar adultos jovens (72 dias) e adultos (182 dias) tratados ad libitum e com restrição a 30% desde o nascimento quanto à ansiedade através do labirinto em cruz elevado. Métodos Foram utilizados 238 ratos tratados desde o nascimento, compondo os grupos Controle, Proteína, Carboidrato, Lipídeos, Carboidrato e Lipídeos, Restrição Controle, Restrição Proteína, Restrição Carboidrato, Restrição Lipídeos e Restrição Carboidrato e Lipídeos. Os animais foram pesados no início e no final do experimento e testados no labirinto em cruz elevado. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, seguida do teste de Newman-Keuls (p&lt;0,05). Resultados Entre os animais tratados ad libitum, os dos grupos Controle, Carboidrato e Lipídeos, e Lipídeos ganharam mais peso do que os Carboidrato e Proteína; os ad libitum ganharam mais peso do que os de restrição; os Restrição Carboidrato foram os que ganharam menos peso. Animais alimentados com restrição de dieta apresentaram menor latência de primeira entrada, maior porcentagem de entradas e de tempo gasto, frequência de visitas às extremidades dos braços abertos, de mergulho (protegido e desprotegido) e tempo de permanência na área central do labirinto em cruz elevado. Os animais com 182 dias demonstraram maior latência para primeira entrada, menor frequência de falsas entradas e visitas às extremidades dos braços abertos e mergulho protegido. Conclusão Os animais em restrição alimentar, independentemente do macronutriente presente na dieta, foram menos ansiosos e/ou mais impulsivos, e os com 182 dias foram mais ansiosos e/ou menos impulsivos.</description><subject>NUTRITION &amp; DIETETICS</subject><issn>1415-5273</issn><issn>1678-9865</issn><issn>1678-9865</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNplkNtKAzEQhoMoWGpfQfICW2eS3WT3UorVQsELFS9DmgNG1l1JsmDf3qwVb5ybmWEOP_9HyDXCGpsOblDItupa0TBgwLnDDrDmZ2TxNzgvdY1N1TDJL8kqpXAAqDkgl7Agu61zlkaXcgwmh3GgKQzG0V6brH_6N53K3E6m7OnhK7h8pGGg2k59pq8hZR1p1DldkQuv--RWv3lJXrZ3z5uHav94v9vc7ivDa5YrJgC4NAzEwfvWWNk2lnnOhPXCAkILnXPIzaFDbQA8WgnWOi-Qo_Nc8iVZn_4mE1w_qvdxikMRVE-zTTXbnFmUwKJUnC6JOB2YOKYUnVefMXzoeFQIaoaoZlbqH0T-DVQ9YpU</recordid><startdate>2020</startdate><enddate>2020</enddate><creator>RIUL, Tania Regina</creator><creator>ALMEIDA, Sebastião Sousa</creator><general>Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>GPN</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0393-2236</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-9062</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2020</creationdate><title>Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats</title><author>RIUL, Tania Regina ; ALMEIDA, Sebastião Sousa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c342t-260037c206bff8cd785d2f326df6d010809ee13cb91ac00f1d70ddef6131ef373</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>NUTRITION &amp; DIETETICS</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>RIUL, Tania Regina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ALMEIDA, Sebastião Sousa</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>SciELO</collection><jtitle>Revista de Nutrição</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>RIUL, Tania Regina</au><au>ALMEIDA, Sebastião Sousa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats</atitle><jtitle>Revista de Nutrição</jtitle><addtitle>Rev. Nutr</addtitle><date>2020</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>33</volume><issn>1415-5273</issn><issn>1678-9865</issn><eissn>1678-9865</eissn><abstract>ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effects of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and/or lipid) in the diet of young adult (72 days) and adult (182 days) Wistar rats treated ad libitum and with 30% restriction from birth on anxiety in the elevated plus-maze. Methods We used 238 rats treated from birth, composing the groups: Control, Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Carbohydrate and Lipid, Control Restriction, Protein Restriction, Carbohydrate Restriction, Lipid Restriction and Carbohydrate and Lipid Restriction. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and tested in the elevated plus-maze. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, followed by the Newman-Keuls Test (p&lt;0.05). Results Among the animals treated ad libitum, the Control, Carbohydrate plus Lipid and Lipid gained more weight than the Carbohydrate and Protein; ad libitum animals gained more weight than those on restriction; among the restrictions, Carbohydrate Restriction rats were the ones that gained less weight. Diet-restricted animals exhibited reduced first-entry latency, greater percentage of entries and time spent, frequency of open arm extremity visits, head dipping (protected and unprotected), and length of stay in the central area of the elevated plus-maze. The animals with 182 days presented greater latency for first entry, reduced frequency of false entries and visits to the ends of the open arms and protected head dipping. Conclusion Food restricted animals, regardless of the macronutrient present in the diet, were less anxious and/or increased their impulsivity and those at 182 days were more anxious and/or with reduced impulsivity. RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos dos macronutrientes (proteína, carboidrato e/ou lipídeos) na alimentação de ratos Wistar adultos jovens (72 dias) e adultos (182 dias) tratados ad libitum e com restrição a 30% desde o nascimento quanto à ansiedade através do labirinto em cruz elevado. Métodos Foram utilizados 238 ratos tratados desde o nascimento, compondo os grupos Controle, Proteína, Carboidrato, Lipídeos, Carboidrato e Lipídeos, Restrição Controle, Restrição Proteína, Restrição Carboidrato, Restrição Lipídeos e Restrição Carboidrato e Lipídeos. Os animais foram pesados no início e no final do experimento e testados no labirinto em cruz elevado. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, seguida do teste de Newman-Keuls (p&lt;0,05). Resultados Entre os animais tratados ad libitum, os dos grupos Controle, Carboidrato e Lipídeos, e Lipídeos ganharam mais peso do que os Carboidrato e Proteína; os ad libitum ganharam mais peso do que os de restrição; os Restrição Carboidrato foram os que ganharam menos peso. Animais alimentados com restrição de dieta apresentaram menor latência de primeira entrada, maior porcentagem de entradas e de tempo gasto, frequência de visitas às extremidades dos braços abertos, de mergulho (protegido e desprotegido) e tempo de permanência na área central do labirinto em cruz elevado. Os animais com 182 dias demonstraram maior latência para primeira entrada, menor frequência de falsas entradas e visitas às extremidades dos braços abertos e mergulho protegido. Conclusão Os animais em restrição alimentar, independentemente do macronutriente presente na dieta, foram menos ansiosos e/ou mais impulsivos, e os com 182 dias foram mais ansiosos e/ou menos impulsivos.</abstract><pub>Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas</pub><doi>10.1590/1678-9865202033e190143</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0393-2236</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-9062</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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title Feed restriction since lactation has reduced anxiety in adult Wistar rats
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