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Plasma zinc and hair zinc levels, anthropometric status and food intake of children in a rural area of Brazil

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of plasma zinc, hair zinc, growth and food consumption in children aged 6 to 24 months in a rural area of Diamantina (MG), Brazil. METHODS: Plasma and hair zinc concentrations were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometr...

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Published in:Revista de Nutrição 2010-02, Vol.23 (1), p.75-83
Main Authors: Beinner, Mark Anthony(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Escola de Enfermagem Departamento de Enfermagem), Menezes, Maria Ângela de Barros Correia(Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear Divisão de Reatores e Irradiação, Laboratório de Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons), Silva, Jose Bento Borba da(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Exatas Departamento de Química), Amorim, Flavia Regina de(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Exatas Departamento de Química), Jansen, Ann Kristine(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Escola de Enfermagem Departamento de Enfermagem), Lamounier, Joel Alves(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Escola de Enfermagem e Nutrição Departamento de Pediatria)
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Language:English
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Summary:OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of plasma zinc, hair zinc, growth and food consumption in children aged 6 to 24 months in a rural area of Diamantina (MG), Brazil. METHODS: Plasma and hair zinc concentrations were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry and neutron activation analysis, respectively. Weight-for-age, weight-for-height and height-for-age, expressed as Z-scores, were measured according to the World Health Organization reference curves. Dietary zinc intake was determined by a 3-day dietary recall filled out by the mother or guardian. RESULTS: Zinc deficiency was found in 11.2% and 16.8% of the children according to plasma zinc e hair zinc levels, respectively. Mean plasma zinc and hair zinc for children 11 (127) months of age were 15.4 (SD=4.2) µmol L-1 and 139.5 (SD=72.1) µg g-1 and 16.0 (SD=4.5) µmol L-1 and 134.3 (SD=110.3) µg g-1, respectively. Anthropometric measurements showed that 8.0%, 6.8% and 3.4% of the children were underweight, stunted and wasted, respectively. The mean dietary intake of zinc was 3.2 (SD=2.3) mg/day. One-third of the children did not eat enough foods that contain zinc. There were no correlations among plasma zinc level, hair zinc level, anthropometric parameters and zinc intake. CONCLUION: The results demonstrate that zinc deficiency is a problem in the studied population, not just in malnourished children. Nutritional care should be provided for this population in order to improve their consumption of high-zinc foods and monitor zinc deficiency. OBJETIVO: Investigar níveis plasmáticos de zinco, concentração de zinco capilar, crescimento físico, e consumo de zinco em crianças de 6 a 24 meses da região de Diamantina (MG), Brasil. MÉTODOS: As concentrações de zinco plasmático e zinco capilar foram analisadas empregando as técnicas de espectrometria atômica de absorção e de ativação neutrônica, respectivamente. Peso-para-idade, peso-para-altura e altura-para-idade, expressos em escore-Z, foram medidos, de acordo as curvas de referência da Organização Mundial de Saúde. O zinco dietético dos sujeitos foi avaliado a partir de três registros alimentares, preenchidos pelas mães ou responsáveis. RESULTADOS: A deficiência de zinco foi observada em 11,2% e em 16,8% das crianças, segundo os níveis de zinco plasmático e zinco capilar, respectivamente. As médias em crianças com 11 meses ou menos (49) e 11 (127) meses ou mais de idade para níveis de zinco plasmático e
ISSN:1415-5273
1678-9865
1415-5273
DOI:10.1590/S1415-52732010000100009