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Characterization of Hellula phidilealis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larval Instars by Application of the Dyar Rule

Hellula phidilealis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a species associated with cultivation of crucifers. The damage it produces depends on the phenological stage of the plants, its population density, and the instar in which it is found. For this reason, it is important to identify the instars o...

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Published in:The Florida entomologist 2023-01, Vol.105 (4), p.313-315
Main Authors: Hernández-Romero, Omar, Bautista-Martínez, Néstor, Soto-Rojas, Lauro, Romero-Napoles, Jesús, Jesús García–Ávila, Clemente de
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Hellula phidilealis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a species associated with cultivation of crucifers. The damage it produces depends on the phenological stage of the plants, its population density, and the instar in which it is found. For this reason, it is important to identify the instars of the species to contribute to defining management tactics focused on its control in hosts of economic importance. The Dyar rule establishes that the width of the cephalic capsule of the larvae increases at a regular geometric progression. The objective of this study was to determine the rates of increase in the size of the cephalic capsules to determine the number of larval instars of H. phidilealis. Because it is a species that has recently acquired importance in Mexico, it is necessary to conduct basic research to determine its biology to enable implementation of appropriate management tactics for each instar. To obtain the images, a Carl Zeiss® (SteREO Discovery V.20) microscope equipped with a Canon® (EOS 50D) camera was used, and JPEG images were captured for later measurement with the program Image J (v. 1.53e). The larval instars of H. phidilealis were adjusted to the Dyar rule (R2 = 0.9639) with a change rate of 0.50, 0.58, 0.92, and 0.54 for instars L2, L3, L4, and L5, respectively; the average of the rates was 0.63. Hellula phidilealis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) es una especie asociada con el cultivo de crucíferas, el daño que produce depende de la etapa fenológica de las plantas, la densidad poblacional y del ínstar en el que se encuentre. Por lo anterior, es de importancia identificar los ínstares de esta especie, lo que coadyuvará a definir las tácticas de manejo enfocadas para su control en hospedantes de importancia económica. La Ley de Dyar establece que la anchura de las cápsulas cefálica de las larvas, se incrementa de acuerdo con una progresión geométrica regular. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las tasas de incremento en el tamaño de las cápsulas cefálicas para determinar el número de ínstares larvales de H. phidilealis. Al ser una especie que recientemente ha adquirido importancia en México, es necesario desarrollar investigación básica que permita conocer la biología de la plaga para implementar las tácticas de manejo pertinentes para cada ínstar. Para la obtención de imágenes, se utilizó un microscopio Carl Zeiss ® (SteREO Discovery V.20) acondicionado con una cámara Canon® (EOS 50D); se capturaron imágenes JPEG de cada
ISSN:0015-4040
1938-5102
DOI:10.1653/024.105.0408