What drives masting? The phenological synchrony hypothesis

Annually variable and synchronous seed production, or masting behavior, is a widespread phenomenon with dramatic effects on wildlife populations and their associated communities. Proximally, masting is often correlated with environmental factors and most likely involves differential pollination succ...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecology (Durham) 2015-01, Vol.96 (1), p.184-192
Main Authors: Koenig, Walter D, Knops, Johannes M. H, Carmen, William J, Pearse, Ian S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Climate Change
Coastal ecology
Ecological genetics
Environmental conditions
environmental factors
Fertilization
flowering
Forest ecology
fruits
Hastings Natural History Reservation, coastal California, USA
indigenous species
mast fruiting
masting
Microclimate
Microclimates
phenological synchrony
Phenology
Plant reproduction
Pollen
pollen limitation
Pollination
Population ecology
Quercus - physiology
Quercus lobata
resource allocation
Seed production
Seeds - growth & development
Trees
valley oak
Wildlife
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Annually variable and synchronous seed production, or masting behavior, is a widespread phenomenon with dramatic effects on wildlife populations and their associated communities. Proximally, masting is often correlated with environmental factors and most likely involves differential pollination success and resource allocation, but little is known about how these factors interact or how they influence seed production. We studied masting in the valley oak ( Quercus lobata Née), a California endemic tree, and report evidence that phenological synchrony in flowering driven by microclimatic variability determines the size of the acorn crop through its effects on pollen availability and fertilization success. These findings integrate two of the major factors believed to influence seed production in wind-pollinated species-environmental conditions and pollen limitation-by means of a coherent mechanistic hypothesis for how highly variable and synchronized annual seed production is accomplished. We illustrate how, by means of a simulation based on the mechanism proposed here, climate change may influence masting patterns through its effects on environmental variability.
ISSN:0012-9658
1939-9170
DOI:10.1890/14-0819.1