Effects of Risedronate on Alveolar Bone Loss and Angiogenesis: A Stereologic Study in Rats

• Published in: Journal of periodontology (1970) 2008-10, Vol.79 (10), p.1950-1961
• Main Authors: Cetinkaya, Burcu Ozkan, Keles, Gonca Cayir, Ayas, Bulent, Gurgor, Pınar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alveolar Bone Loss - drug therapy; Alveolar Process - drug effects; Alveolar Process - pathology; Angiogenesis; animal studies; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; bisphosphonates; Blood Vessels - drug effects; Blood Vessels - pathology; Bone Density - drug effects; Bone Density Conservation Agents - administration & dosage; Bone Density Conservation Agents - therapeutic use; Bone Marrow - drug effects; Bone Marrow - pathology; Bones, joints and connective tissue. Antiinflammatory agents; Cell Count; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Etidronic Acid - administration & dosage; Etidronic Acid - analogs & derivatives; Etidronic Acid - therapeutic use; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Medical sciences; Neovascularization, Physiologic - drug effects; Non tumoral diseases; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoblasts - pathology; Osteoclasts - drug effects; Osteoclasts - pathology; Osteogenesis - drug effects; osteonecrosis; Osteonecrosis - chemically induced; Osteoporosis. Osteomalacia. Paget disease; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Periodontal Attachment Loss - drug therapy; Periodontal Attachment Loss - pathology; periodontitis; Periodontitis - drug therapy; Periodontitis - pathology; Periodontium - drug effects; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Placebos; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; risedronate; Risedronate Sodium; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0022-3492; 1943-3670
• DOI: 10.1902/jop.2008.080041

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of risedronate, one of the most potent bisphosphonates, on alveolar bone resorption and angiogenesis in rats with experimental periodontitis to identify dose‐response curves and treatment durations that can be therapeutic for periodontal therapy versus those associated with osteonecrosis of the jaws. Methods: Thirty‐five rats, 25 with experimental periodontitis (groups 1 through 5) and 10 with healthy periodontium (groups 6 and 7), were divided into seven equal groups: group 1 received no treatment; groups 2 and 3 received risedronate, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, respectively, for 3 weeks; groups 4 and 5 received risedronate, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, respectively, for 8 weeks; and groups 6 and 7 received 0.9% NaCl for 3 and 8 weeks, respectively. Animals in groups 2 through 7 were administered treatment 5 days per week. After histologic processing, histomorphometric and stereologic analyses were carried out to estimate the number of blood vessels (NBV) and the volumetric densities of bone (Vb), marrow (Vm), osteoblasts (Vob), and osteoclasts (Voc). Results: A total of 0.1 and 1 mg/kg risedronate for 3 weeks (groups 2 and 3) significantly increased Vb and Vob and decreased Vm more prominently in group 2 (P 0.05). No significant decrease in Voc was found in drug‐administered groups compared to group 1 (P >0.05). A significant decrease in NBV (P