Strategies Employed by Frogs and Toads (Amphibia, Anura) to Avoid Predation by Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes)

Representatives of Rana clamitans, R. palustris, R. pipiens, Bufo americanus, B. terrestris, B. quercicus, Hyla cinerea, H. chrysoscelis, H. crucifer, H. femoralis, Acris gryllus, Limnaoedus ocularis, Gastrophryne carolinensis, and Scaphiopus holbrooki were placed into an enclosure with a snake pred...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of herpetology 1978-04, Vol.12 (2), p.151-155
Main Authors: Marchisin, Allen, Anderson, James D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerial locomotion
Amphibians
Animals
Frogs
Predation
Predators
Snakes
Toads
Walking
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Summary:Representatives of Rana clamitans, R. palustris, R. pipiens, Bufo americanus, B. terrestris, B. quercicus, Hyla cinerea, H. chrysoscelis, H. crucifer, H. femoralis, Acris gryllus, Limnaoedus ocularis, Gastrophryne carolinensis, and Scaphiopus holbrooki were placed into an enclosure with a snake predator. Escape strategies, including crouching, chin tucking, body inflation, flight, backing, climbing, digging, holding, walking and remaining motionless were observed and evaluated in relation to anuran survival.
ISSN:0022-1511
1937-2418
DOI:10.2307/1563401