Aeroacoustic Investigation of a Propeller Operating at Low Reynolds Numbers

• Published in: AIAA journal 2022-02, Vol.60 (2), p.860-871
• Main Authors: Grande, Edoardo, Romani, Gianluca, Ragni, Daniele, Avallone, Francesco, Casalino, Damiano
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aerodynamic forces; Flow distribution; Fluid flow; Noise; Noise generation; Noise spectra; Particle image velocimetry; Reynolds number; Separation; Suction; Vortex shedding; Wind tunnels
• ISSN: 0001-1452; 1533-385X
• DOI: 10.2514/1.J060611

This paper presents an experimental investigation of a propeller operating at low Reynolds numbers and provides insights into the role of aerodynamic flow features on both propeller performances and noise generation. A propeller operating at a tip Reynolds number regime of 4.3×104−4.38×104 is tested in an anechoic wind tunnel at an advance ratio ranging from 0 to 0.6. Noise is measured by means of a microphone array, while aerodynamic forces are measured with load and torque cells. Oil-flow visualizations are used to show the flow patterns on the blade surface, whereas phase-locked stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements are carried out to analyze the flow at 60% of the blade radius. The pressure field around the blade section has been computed from the PIV velocity data. Results reveal a complex flowfield with the appearance of a laminar separation bubble at the suction side of the blade. The separation bubble moves toward the leading edge and reduces in size as the advance ratio decreases. At an advance ratio equal to 0.6, the flowfield is characterized by a laminar separation without reattachment. This causes vortex shedding responsible for a high-frequency hump in the far-field noise spectra.