Surgical Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and geographic atrophy (GA) are serious and potentially devastating complications of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in the developed world. While anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies have emerged as the curr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in ophthalmology 2011-05, Vol.26 (3), p.181-191
Main Authors: Skaf, Ayham R., Mahmoud, Tamer H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
choroidal neovascularization
Choroidal Neovascularization - physiopathology
Choroidal Neovascularization - surgery
geographic atrophy
Humans
Macular Degeneration - physiopathology
Macular Degeneration - surgery
macular translocation
Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures
RPE transplantation
submacular hemorrhage
submacular surgery
Treatment Outcome
Visual Acuity - physiology
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Summary:Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and geographic atrophy (GA) are serious and potentially devastating complications of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in the developed world. While anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies have emerged as the current standard treatment of choice for choroidal neovascularization, the requirement for indefinite injections places a tremendous burden on physicians and patients, and may have disappointing outcomes in hemorrhagic neovascular AMD. No superior agents exist to treat large subretinal hemorrhage and geographic atrophy. Over the years, several vitreoretinal surgical approaches have been developed to treat macular degeneration, and these surgical options may still play a role in the management of specific complications of AMD. This review summarizes the principles, techniques, and results of surgical treatments for neovascular and non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration, with emphasis on submacular surgery for removal of CNV, full and limited macular translocation, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid transplants as well as treatment of thick subretinal hemorrhage.
ISSN:0882-0538
1744-5205
DOI:10.3109/08820538.2011.577133