Inositol's and other nutraceuticals' synergistic actions counteract insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome and metabolic syndrome: state-of-the-art and future perspectives

The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type II diabetes (T2D) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been progressively increasing. Insulin resistance (InsR) seems to play a key role in a majority of phenotypes of these conditions, altering metabolic homeostasis, within muscle, liver, adipo...

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Published in:Gynecological endocrinology 2016-06, Vol.32 (6), p.431-438
Main Authors: Paul, Cristiana, Laganà, Antonio Simone, Maniglio, Paolo, Triolo, Onofrio, Brady, David M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Female
Humans
Inositol - pharmacokinetics
Inositol - pharmacology
insulin
Insulin Resistance
insulin sensitizer
Metabolic Syndrome - drug therapy
polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - drug therapy
Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage
Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology
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Summary:The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type II diabetes (T2D) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been progressively increasing. Insulin resistance (InsR) seems to play a key role in a majority of phenotypes of these conditions, altering metabolic homeostasis, within muscle, liver, adipose and other tissues. Hyperinsulinemia is often associated with InsR and causes hormonal imbalances especially within ovaries and adrenals. Inositol is a polyalcohol, naturally occurring as nine stereoisomers, including D-chiro-inositol (DCI) and myo-inositol (MI), which have prominent roles in the metabolism of glucose and free fatty acids. MI and DCI have been classified as insulin-sensitizers and seem to adequately counteract several InsR-related metabolic alterations with a safe nutraceutical profile. Based on our analysis of selected studies that investigated MI and/or DCI, we conclude that supplementation with MI and/or DCI complement each other in their metabolic actions and act in synergy with other insulin sensitizing drugs and/or nutraceuticals. Nevertheless, considering the possible severe bias due to different methodologies across published studies, we conclude that there is a need for further studies on larger cohorts and with greater statistical power. These should further clarify outcomes and suitable therapeutic dosages of MI and DCI, possibly based on each patient's clinical status.
ISSN:0951-3590
1473-0766
DOI:10.3109/09513590.2016.1144741