Effects of dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate (DGT) on expression of apoptosis associated proteins in human prostate cancer cell lines (PC3)

• Published in: Journal of receptors and signal transduction 2015-11, Vol.35 (6), p.605-612
• Main Authors: Pon Nivedha, Rajamanickam, Selvaraj, Jayaraman, Lalitha, Keddal Govindaram, Rajalakshmi, Manikkam
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Apoptosis - drug effects; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism; Blotting, Western; Cell Cycle - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - drug effects; Gymnema sylvestre; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings - pharmacology; Humans; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins - metabolism; intrinsic; Male; PC-3; prostate cancer; Prostatic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism; Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology; Tumor Cells, Cultured
• ISSN: 1079-9893; 1532-4281
• DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1034368

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancies among men. The present study is aimed at the investigation of dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate (DGT) from Gymnema sylvestre on mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and cell cycle arrest. Treatment of DGT resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of growth of PC-3 cells. The cell cycle arrest was observed at the G2/M phase and accumulation of apoptotic cells was observed in DGT-treated prostate cancer cell lines. The occurrence of apoptosis in these cells was observed by DNA fragmentation. These events were associated with increased levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bad and reduced levels of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. DGT also induces the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. The above results, clearly, suggest that DGT induces apoptosis by the intrinsic pathways which could be very useful for the treatment of prostate cancer.