Glycaemic response to three main meals or five smaller meals for patients on rapid-acting insulin

Objective: To compare seven-point blood glucose profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using rapid-acting insulin, when daily calories were provided as three main meals versus five smaller meals (three main meals + two snacks), while maintaining the same total daily calorie intake and co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Australian journal of advanced nursing 2018-03, Vol.35 (3), p.14-20
Main Authors: Meng, Zhaolin, Overland, Jane, Shen, Xingping, Wu, Xiaobin, Wang, Yuanyuan, Liu, Yunyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood glucose
Carbohydrates
Diabetes
Diagnosis
Diet
Diet therapy
Glucose
Glycemic index
Health aspects
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Insulin
Meals
Metabolism
Physiological effect
Risk factors
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Objective: To compare seven-point blood glucose profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using rapid-acting insulin, when daily calories were provided as three main meals versus five smaller meals (three main meals + two snacks), while maintaining the same total daily calorie intake and composition of carbohydrates, fats and protein. Design: A cross-over study. Setting: Xiamen University Zhongshan Hospital, China. Subjects: Over a four week period, 22 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using fixed doses of rapid-acting insulin were recruited into the study. Two patients failed to complete the study and data from the remaining 20 subjects were analysed. Intervention: The subjects using fixed doses of rapid-acting insulin were randomised to five smaller meals versus three main meals treatment periods. Glycaemic response to each meal pattern was measured by seven-point blood glucose profiles. Main Outcome Measures: The mean seven-point blood glucose levels and the risk of hypoglycemia. Results: The mean seven-point blood glucose levels with the pattern of eating five smaller meals was lower than that with three main meals (9.1mmol/L vs. 9.5mmol/L), however the difference was not statistically significant (F=0.524, P=0.474). There were no differences in mean blood glucose levels across the seven-point profile. The risk of hypoglycaemia was also not statistically significant. Conclusions: This suggests that it may be unnecessary for patients using rapid-acting insulin to have five smaller meals.
ISSN:0813-0531
1447-4328
1447-4328
DOI:10.37464/2018.353.1454