Overstable Convective Modes in a Polytropic Stellar Atmosphere

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal 2023-02, Vol.943 (2), p.127
• Main Authors: Hindman, Bradley W., Jain, Rekha
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Asteroseismology; Astrophysics; Atmospheric waves; Convection; Coriolis force; Exact solutions; Helioseismology; Internal waves; Photosphere; Planetary waves; Polytropes; Rossby waves; Solar convective zone; Solar interior; Solar oscillations; Solar rotation; Space telescopes; Stars; Stellar atmospheres; Stellar convective zones; Stellar oscillations; Stellar rotation; Visibility; Waves
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acaec4

Within the convection zone of a rotating star, the presence of the Coriolis force stabilizes long-wavelength convective modes. These modes, which would have been unstable if the star lacked rotation, are called overstable convective modes or thermal Rossby waves. We demonstrate that the Sun’s rotation rate is sufficiently rapid that the lower half of its convection zone could possess overstable modes. Further, we present an analytic solution for atmospheric waves that reside within a polytropic stratification. We explore in detail the properties of the overstable and unstable wave modes that exist when the polytrope is weakly unstable to convective overturning. Finally, we discuss how the thermal Rossby waves that reside within the convection zone of a star might couple with the prograde branch of the g modes that are trapped within the star’s radiative zone. We suggest that such coupling might enhance the photospheric visibility of a subset of the Sun’s g modes.