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Possible Evidence for Lorentz Invariance Violation in Gamma-Ray Burst 221009A
The preliminary detections of the gamma-ray burst 221009A up to 18 TeV by LHAASO and up to 251 TeV by Carpet 2 have been reported through Astronomer’s Telegrams and Gamma-ray Coordination Network circulars. Since this burst is at redshift z = 0.1505, these photons may at first seem to have a low pro...
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Published in: | Astrophysical journal. Letters 2023-01, Vol.942 (1), p.L21 |
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description | The preliminary detections of the gamma-ray burst 221009A up to 18 TeV by LHAASO and up to 251 TeV by Carpet 2 have been reported through Astronomer’s Telegrams and Gamma-ray Coordination Network circulars. Since this burst is at redshift
z
= 0.1505, these photons may at first seem to have a low probability to avoid pair production off of background radiation fields and survive to reach detectors on Earth. By extrapolating the reported 0.1–1.0 GeV Fermi Large Area Telescope spectrum from this burst to higher energies and using this to limit the intrinsic spectrum of the burst, we show that the survival of the 18 TeV photon detected by LHAASO is not unlikely with many recent extragalactic background light models, although the detection of a 251 TeV event is still very unlikely. This can be resolved if Lorentz invariance is violated at an energy scale
E
QG
≲ 49
E
Planck
in the linear (
n
= 1) case, and
E
QG
≲ 10
−6
E
Planck
in the quadratic (
n
= 2) case (95% confidence limits), where
E
Planck
is the Planck energy. This could potentially be the first evidence for subluminal Lorentz invariance violation. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3847/2041-8213/acade1 |
format | article |
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z
= 0.1505, these photons may at first seem to have a low probability to avoid pair production off of background radiation fields and survive to reach detectors on Earth. By extrapolating the reported 0.1–1.0 GeV Fermi Large Area Telescope spectrum from this burst to higher energies and using this to limit the intrinsic spectrum of the burst, we show that the survival of the 18 TeV photon detected by LHAASO is not unlikely with many recent extragalactic background light models, although the detection of a 251 TeV event is still very unlikely. This can be resolved if Lorentz invariance is violated at an energy scale
E
QG
≲ 49
E
Planck
in the linear (
n
= 1) case, and
E
QG
≲ 10
−6
E
Planck
in the quadratic (
n
= 2) case (95% confidence limits), where
E
Planck
is the Planck energy. This could potentially be the first evidence for subluminal Lorentz invariance violation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2041-8205</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2041-8213</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acade1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Austin: The American Astronomical Society</publisher><subject>Background radiation ; Confidence limits ; Gamma ray bursts ; Gamma rays ; Gamma-ray astronomy ; Invariance ; Pair production ; Photons ; Quantum gravity ; Radiation ; Red shift ; Statistical analysis</subject><ispartof>Astrophysical journal. Letters, 2023-01, Vol.942 (1), p.L21</ispartof><rights>2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.</rights><rights>2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c513t-479c11b534464fe1e6a8914656a9cde77ec3f4848cd0d1bf6be7afbb2072f7a53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c513t-479c11b534464fe1e6a8914656a9cde77ec3f4848cd0d1bf6be7afbb2072f7a53</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0130-2460 ; 0000-0001-5941-7933</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Finke, Justin D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Razzaque, Soebur</creatorcontrib><title>Possible Evidence for Lorentz Invariance Violation in Gamma-Ray Burst 221009A</title><title>Astrophysical journal. Letters</title><addtitle>APJL</addtitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J. Lett</addtitle><description>The preliminary detections of the gamma-ray burst 221009A up to 18 TeV by LHAASO and up to 251 TeV by Carpet 2 have been reported through Astronomer’s Telegrams and Gamma-ray Coordination Network circulars. Since this burst is at redshift
z
= 0.1505, these photons may at first seem to have a low probability to avoid pair production off of background radiation fields and survive to reach detectors on Earth. By extrapolating the reported 0.1–1.0 GeV Fermi Large Area Telescope spectrum from this burst to higher energies and using this to limit the intrinsic spectrum of the burst, we show that the survival of the 18 TeV photon detected by LHAASO is not unlikely with many recent extragalactic background light models, although the detection of a 251 TeV event is still very unlikely. This can be resolved if Lorentz invariance is violated at an energy scale
E
QG
≲ 49
E
Planck
in the linear (
n
= 1) case, and
E
QG
≲ 10
−6
E
Planck
in the quadratic (
n
= 2) case (95% confidence limits), where
E
Planck
is the Planck energy. This could potentially be the first evidence for subluminal Lorentz invariance violation.</description><subject>Background radiation</subject><subject>Confidence limits</subject><subject>Gamma ray bursts</subject><subject>Gamma rays</subject><subject>Gamma-ray astronomy</subject><subject>Invariance</subject><subject>Pair production</subject><subject>Photons</subject><subject>Quantum gravity</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Red shift</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><issn>2041-8205</issn><issn>2041-8213</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UU1LxDAULKKgrt49FgRPVvPSNEmPKrourCiiXsNrPiRLt6lpV9Bfb9fKehFP7zHMzHvMJMkRkLNcMnFOCYNMUsjPUaOxsJXsbaDtzU6K3WS_6xaEUMJB7iV3D6HrfFXb9PrdG9tom7oQ03mItuk_01nzjtHjGn7xocbehyb1TTrF5RKzR_xIL1ex61NKgZDy4iDZcVh39vBnTpLnm-unq9tsfj-dXV3MM11A3mdMlBqgKnLGOHMWLEdZAuMFx1IbK4TVuWOSSW2Igcrxygp0VUWJoE5gkU-S2ehrAi5UG_0S44cK6NU3EOKrwth7XVtlCuKMYyUHVzIjjSxAaEZ5JZ0pQJaD1_Ho1cbwtrJdrxZhFZvhfUUFB04IE3RgkZGl4xBYtG5zFYhaF6DWCat12mosYJCcjhIf2l_Pf-gnf9CxXdSqZFSBmlNQrXH5F8FOkp8</recordid><startdate>20230101</startdate><enddate>20230101</enddate><creator>Finke, Justin D.</creator><creator>Razzaque, Soebur</creator><general>The American Astronomical Society</general><general>IOP Publishing</general><scope>O3W</scope><scope>TSCCA</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-2460</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-7933</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230101</creationdate><title>Possible Evidence for Lorentz Invariance Violation in Gamma-Ray Burst 221009A</title><author>Finke, Justin D. ; Razzaque, Soebur</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c513t-479c11b534464fe1e6a8914656a9cde77ec3f4848cd0d1bf6be7afbb2072f7a53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Background radiation</topic><topic>Confidence limits</topic><topic>Gamma ray bursts</topic><topic>Gamma rays</topic><topic>Gamma-ray astronomy</topic><topic>Invariance</topic><topic>Pair production</topic><topic>Photons</topic><topic>Quantum gravity</topic><topic>Radiation</topic><topic>Red shift</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Finke, Justin D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Razzaque, Soebur</creatorcontrib><collection>Open Access: IOP Publishing Free Content</collection><collection>IOPscience (Open Access)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Astrophysical journal. Letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Finke, Justin D.</au><au>Razzaque, Soebur</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Possible Evidence for Lorentz Invariance Violation in Gamma-Ray Burst 221009A</atitle><jtitle>Astrophysical journal. Letters</jtitle><stitle>APJL</stitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J. Lett</addtitle><date>2023-01-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>942</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>L21</spage><pages>L21-</pages><issn>2041-8205</issn><eissn>2041-8213</eissn><abstract>The preliminary detections of the gamma-ray burst 221009A up to 18 TeV by LHAASO and up to 251 TeV by Carpet 2 have been reported through Astronomer’s Telegrams and Gamma-ray Coordination Network circulars. Since this burst is at redshift
z
= 0.1505, these photons may at first seem to have a low probability to avoid pair production off of background radiation fields and survive to reach detectors on Earth. By extrapolating the reported 0.1–1.0 GeV Fermi Large Area Telescope spectrum from this burst to higher energies and using this to limit the intrinsic spectrum of the burst, we show that the survival of the 18 TeV photon detected by LHAASO is not unlikely with many recent extragalactic background light models, although the detection of a 251 TeV event is still very unlikely. This can be resolved if Lorentz invariance is violated at an energy scale
E
QG
≲ 49
E
Planck
in the linear (
n
= 1) case, and
E
QG
≲ 10
−6
E
Planck
in the quadratic (
n
= 2) case (95% confidence limits), where
E
Planck
is the Planck energy. This could potentially be the first evidence for subluminal Lorentz invariance violation.</abstract><cop>Austin</cop><pub>The American Astronomical Society</pub><doi>10.3847/2041-8213/acade1</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-2460</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-7933</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Background radiation Confidence limits Gamma ray bursts Gamma rays Gamma-ray astronomy Invariance Pair production Photons Quantum gravity Radiation Red shift Statistical analysis |
title | Possible Evidence for Lorentz Invariance Violation in Gamma-Ray Burst 221009A |
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