Cadmium Induces Glomerular Endothelial Cell-Specific Expression of Complement Factor H via the -1635 AP-1 Binding Site

• Published in: The Journal of immunology (1950) 2019-02, Vol.202 (4), p.1210-1218
• Main Authors: Chen, Xiaocui, Li, Liqun, Liu, Fuhong, Hoh, Josephine, Kapron, Carolyn M, Liu, Ju
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0022-1767; 1550-6606
• DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800081

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxin that induces nephrotoxicity. Complement factor H (CFH), an inhibitor of complement activation, is involved in the pathogenesis of various renal diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cd on CFH production by the kidney. In C57B6/J mice, an increased CFH level was found in renal blood and glomerular endothelial cells after Cd treatment. In vitro, Cd induces an increased CFH secretion and mRNA expression in human renal glomerular endothelial cells but not in human podocytes or human mesangial cells. Cd activates the JNK pathway and increases c-Jun and c-Fos in human renal glomerular endothelial cells. A JNK inhibitor, SP600125, specifically abolishes Cd-induced CFH production. By chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and EMSA, the -1635 AP-1 motif on human promoter was identified as the binding element for c-Jun and c-Fos. In a luciferase activity assay, mutation of the AP1 site eliminates Cd-induced increase of promoter activity. Thus, the -1635 AP-1 motif on the promoter region mediates Cd-inducible gene expression.