Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Very Premature Infants in a Tunisian Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

• Published in: Tunisie Medicale 2024-09, Vol.102 (9)
• Main Authors: Benali, Mouadh, Ben Hamida, Nourzed, Jaouhari, Salsabil, Ayadi, Imen, Ben Hamida, Emira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0041-4131; 2724-7031
• DOI: 10.62438/tunismed.v102i9.5110

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) stands as the primary chronic respiratory complication in premature infants, posing a substantial public health concern due to its rising prevalence, potential mortality, and socioeconomic burden. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of BPD in very preterm infants and identify its associated risk factors. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study including all premature infants born between 26 and 31 weeks of gestation age (GA) who survived beyond the 28th day of life, over a five-year period (2017-2021). Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of BPD, which was defined by the need for oxygen supplementation for at least 28 days. Results: we included 231 newborns. The prevalence of BPD was 37.7% among survivors on the 28th day of life and 36.7% among those reaching 36 weeks postmenstrual age. BPD was mild, moderate and severe in 25.2%, 4.9% and 6.6% of cases, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified maternal hypertensive disorders (RR=6.15, 95%CI=[2.27-16.67], p