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La gobernanza regional compleja del comercio electrónico latinoamericano: una perspectiva comparada de la Alianza del Pacífico, la Comunidad Andina y el Mercosur

Objective/context: The proliferation in the number, depth, and scope of e-commerce agreements has integrated shared agendas and memberships within Latin America’s complex regional governance, making cooperation and fragmentation non-exclusive practices. Therefore, this article asks about the conditi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Colombia internacional 2025-01 (121), p.155-186
Main Author: Castro-Silva, Julissa
Format: Article
Language:Spanish
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Objective/context: The proliferation in the number, depth, and scope of e-commerce agreements has integrated shared agendas and memberships within Latin America’s complex regional governance, making cooperation and fragmentation non-exclusive practices. Therefore, this article asks about the conditions that have facilitated or limited the development of a Latin American digital market. Methodology: A comparative qualitative analysis of the Pacific Alliance, the Andean Community, and Mercosur, together with process tracing, will shed light on their progress in this area, taking into account the degree of linkage they maintain with three mechanisms that foster collaboration and coordination dynamics among various institutions an d actors. Conclusions: The analysis shows that, within systems characterized by growing institutional density and diversity— such as the Latin American e-commerce environment—regional cooperation can be facilitated when regional trade agreements are embedded in a broader trade regime, where there is a clear sequencing among different agreements, and when orchestrators and policy networks are present. In contrast, their absence leads to ineffective agreement implementation and increased regional fragmentation. Originality: This work connects studies on complex regional governance with a relatively underexplored agenda in Latin American academic literature: e-commerce. Objetivo/contexto: la proliferación en número, profundidad y alcance de acuerdos sobre comercio electrónico ha sumado agendas y membresías compartidas dentro de la gobernanza regional compleja latinoamericana, lo que sitúa a la cooperación y a la fragmentación como prácticas no excluyentes. De allí que este trabajo se pregunte por las condiciones que han facilitado o limitado el desarrollo de un mercado digital latinoamericano. Metodología: el análisis cualitativo comparado de la Alianza del Pacífico, la Comunidad Andina y el Mercosur junto con el rastreo de procesos permitirá conocer sus avances en la materia, considerando el grado de vinculación que mantienen con tres mecanismos promotores de dinámicas de colaboración y coordinación entre distintas instituciones y actores. Conclusiones: el análisis muestra que, dentro de sistemas con una creciente densidad y variedad institucional, como se observa en el comercio electrónico de América Latina, la cooperación regional se puede facilitar cuando los acuerdos comerciales regionales se inscriben en un régimen comercial más a
ISSN:0121-5612
1900-6004
DOI:10.7440/colombiaint121.2025.06