A modernização da educação médica no Brasil: o financiamento da Fundação Rockefeller e a Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto em um contexto de desenvolvimento (1951-1964)

• Published in: Historia crítica (Bogotá, Colombia) Colombia), 2024-07 (93)
• Main Authors: Marinho, Maria Gabriela Silva Martins da Cunha, Batista, Ricardo dos Santos, Porto, Paloma, Nemi, Ana, De Campos, Cristina
• Format: Article
• Language: Portuguese
• ISSN: 0121-1617; 1900-6152
• DOI: 10.7440/histcrit93.2024.03

Objective/Context: This article discusses the modernization of medical education in Brazil between 1951 and 1964, following the creation of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School (FMRP, for its initials in Portuguese) at the University of São Paulo (USP). The analysis emphasizes the tensions in the rapprochement between Zeferino Faz, the founding director of fmrp, considered a communist, and the Rockefeller Foundation (RF), an international philanthropic agency, for the development of basic sciences such as biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology. Methodology: The documents used in the study were collected at the Rockefeller Archive Center in New York and the Historical Museum at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School and analyzed using the evidential paradigm proposed by Carlo Ginzburg. The evidential paradigm pays close attention to small details in the document, considered “signs” of processes that are not very explicit. Originality: The original contribution of this text consists of a better understanding of the strategies used by the rf to finance the fmrp, which differed in many moments from its institutional norms and the anti-communist orientation of the North American government. This finding contrasts with an entire contemporary bibliography that reiterates the persecution of these individuals. Conclusions: The study reveals the contradictions in the trajectory of Zeferino Vaz and the actions of the rf in search of the desired modernization of medical education in Latin America.  Objetivo/Contexto: Este artículo analiza la modernización de la educación médica en Brasil entre 1951 y 1964, tras la creación de la Facultad de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP) en la Universidad de São Paulo (USP). El análisis enfatiza las tensiones en el acercamiento entre Zeferino Faz, director fundador de la fmrp, considerado comunista, y la Fundación Rockefeller (FR), agencia filantrópica internacional, para el desarrollo de las ciencias básicas como la bioquímica, la fisiología y la farmacología. Metodología: Los documentos utilizados en el estudio fueron recogidos en el Rockefeller Archive Center de Nueva York y en el Museo Histórico de la Facultad de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto y analizados utilizando el paradigma evidencial propuesto por Carlo Ginzburg. El paradigma evidencial presta mucha atención a los pequeños detalles del documento, considerados “señales” de procesos poco explícitos. Originalidad: La contribución original de este texto consiste en una mejor compren