In situ generation of hydrogen from water by aluminum corrosion in solutions of sodium aluminate

A new process to obtain hydrogen from water using aluminum in sodium aluminate solutions is described and compared with results obtained in aqueous sodium hydroxide. This process consumes only water and aluminum, which are raw materials much cheaper than other compounds used for in situ hydrogen gen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of power sources 2009-07, Vol.192 (1), p.21-26
Main Authors: Soler, Lluís, Candela, Angélica María, Macanás, Jorge, Muñoz, Maria, Casado, Juan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative fuels. Production and utilization
Alumini
Aluminum
Aluminum corrosion
Applied sciences
Corrosion
Corrosió
Energy
Energy. Thermal use of fuels
Enginyeria química
Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc
Exact sciences and technology
Fuel cells
Fuels
Hidrogen
Hydrogen
Hydrogen generation
Química inorgànica
Sodi
Sodium aluminate
Sodium aluminates
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC
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Summary:A new process to obtain hydrogen from water using aluminum in sodium aluminate solutions is described and compared with results obtained in aqueous sodium hydroxide. This process consumes only water and aluminum, which are raw materials much cheaper than other compounds used for in situ hydrogen generation, such as hydrocarbons and chemical hydrides, respectively. As a consequence, our process could be an economically feasible alternative for hydrogen to supply fuel cells. Results showed an improvement of the maximum rates and yields of hydrogen production when NaAlO 2 was used instead of NaOH in aqueous solutions. Yields of 100% have been reached using NaAlO 2 concentrations higher than 0.65 M and first order kinetics at concentrations below 0.75 M has been confirmed. Two different heterogeneous kinetic models are verified for NaAlO 2 aqueous solutions. The activation energy ( E a) of the process with NaAlO 2 is 71 kJ mol −1, confirming a control by a chemical step. A mechanism unifying the behavior of Al corrosion in NaOH and NaAlO 2 solutions is presented. The application of this process could reduce costs in power sources based on fuel cells that nowadays use hydrides as raw material for hydrogen production.
ISSN:0378-7753
1873-2755
DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.11.009